Pyometra symptoms in dogs can vary between each female dog. But, one thing is for certain: pyometra infection has toxic effects on the female canine body when left untreated.
If your dog is displaying any of the following symptoms, it’s important to bring her to the vet right away for proper diagnosis and treatment of this life threatening condition.
PYOMETRA SYMPTOMS IN DOGS
Clinical signs depend on when pyometra develops, whether cysts form, the fluid accumulation, bacterial growth, and whether it is an open pyometra or closed cervic pyometra.
Generally, pyometra symptoms in dogs include:
Vaginal discharge varying in color
Increased thirst and urination
Lethargy and weakness
Fever
Decreased appetite or anorexia
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Distended or enlarged abdomen
Pus or discharge from the vulva (VAGINAL DISCHARGE)
Bloody vaginal discharge
Increased urine production occurs
Dog appears severely ill
These are just a few of the most common pyometra symptoms in dogs. If your dog is displaying any of these signs, it’s important to bring her to the vet as soon as possible for proper diagnosis and to see clinical improvement. Developing pyometra can cause a very ill female dog and require emergency surgery.
These pyometra symptoms in dogs can appear suddenly or gradually. If you notice any of these signs, contact your veterinarian immediately.
Time is of the essence when it comes to treating pyometra infection. The longer it goes untreated, the greater the risk for serious health complications, including sepsis (toxic shock), organ failure, and death.
TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR PYOMETRA IN DOGS
Fortunately, pyometra is treatable. Upon going to the emergency room, your Veterinarian will inform you that Pyometra in dogs is a life threatening infection and surgical removal of the uterus is required.
The most common treatment options are:
Surgery to remove the infected uterus (ovariohysterectomy)
Antibiotics to clear the infection (systemic or local)Intravenous fluids to support the dog during treatment
Hospitalization for close monitoring
Your veterinarian will recommend the best course of treatment based on your dog’s individual case. It’s important to follow their recommendations and get the medical treatment.
WHAT IS PYOMETRA IN DOGS?
Pyometra in dogs happens in female dogs when they get an infected uterus. Pyometra is a bacterial infection that can occur in any unspayed female dogs, though it’s most common in older dogs.
While pyometra can happen at any time of the year, it’s more likely to occur during or after a heat cycle. This is because the hormones produced during a heat cycle create an ideal environment for bacteria to grow in the uterus.
Untreated pyometra is a life-threatening condition. But, with early diagnosis and treatment, most dogs make a full recovery.
WHAT CAUSES PYOMETRA IN DOGS?
Pyometra is most often caused by a hormonal imbalance in the dog’s body. This can be due to several different reasons, including:
Spaying your dog too late in life
Use of certain drugs, such as progesterone-based drugs
Cushing’s disease
Tumors of the adrenal gland or pituitary gland
Hormonal changes that occur during a normal heat cycle
In most cases, pyometra is preventable with early spaying of the female dog. This helps to avoid the hormonal imbalances that can lead to this condition. Pyometra is a serious, major bacterial infection that can even lead to death in a healthy dog if left untreated.
HOW IS PYOMETRA IN DOGS DIAGNOSED?
If a dog owner notices unusual vaginal discharge, or any of the other clinical signs of pyometra, they should take their dog to the vet as soon as possible to get pyometra diagnosed.
Pyometra is diagnosed through a combination of a physical exam, lab tests, and imaging. The most common tests used to diagnose pyometra are:
Complete blood count (CBC)
Biochemical profile Urinalysis Abdominal radiographs (X-rays) or ultrasound examination
Cytology of the vaginal discharge
Culture and sensitivity of the pus from the infected uterus
CLOSED PYOMETRA
Closed pyometra has different clinical signs. These signs can be very subtle and go unnoticed until the infection is severe. The most common clinical sign of closed pyometra is a lack of heat cycles.
With a closed cervix pyometra, the uterine wall thickens, and the cervix (the opening to the uterus) is closed. This prevents pus from draining out of the vagina. As a result, dogs with closed pyometra often have a milder form of the infection. However, since dog owners are unable to see the abnormal discharge from the dog’s abdomen, the infected womb can continue to fill with pus until it ruptures.
RUPTURE OF THE FLUID FILLED UTERUS
Rupture of the infected uterus is a life-threatening emergency. If you notice any of the signs of pyometra, or if your dog has stopped having heat cycles, take her to the veterinarian immediately.
SYMPTOMS OF CLOSED PYOMETRA
Other clinical signs that may be seen with closed pyometra include:
Open pyometra is the more common form of the infection. Open pyometra is when the cervix is open and pus is able to drain from the vagina. This drainage can range from a small amount of pus to a large discharge. The most common clinical sign of open pyometra is an abnormal vaginal discharge.
Other clinical signs that may be seen with open pyometra include:
Increased urination
Straining to urinate or defecate
Excessive licking of the genital area
Vaginal discharge that is bloody or pus-like
Foul odor coming from the vulva
Fever
Lethargy
Decreased appetite
Weight loss
Abdominal pain or bloating
Pale gums
CAN PYOMETRA OCCUR IN A DOG THAT HAS BEEN SPAYED?
When a dog gets spayed, the reproductive system is removed. This includes the ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervix. However, it is still possible for a dog to get pyometra even after she has been spayed.
STUMP PYOMETRA
Stump pyometra is when a dog has been spayed but still has a small section of the uterus left behind. This can happen if the spay surgery is not performed correctly, or if the dog is not completely healed from her last heat cycle before she is spayed.
The most common cause of post-spay pyometra is when the dog’s ovaries are not completely removed during the spay surgery. If there is even a small amount of ovarian tissue left, it can continue to produce hormones. This can lead to the development of pyometra.
It is highly unlikely for an unspayed female dog to undergo the bacteria affect of Pyometra. Most dogs who undergo the hormonal changes of a routine spay have their entire reproductive system removed, making this diagnosis nearly impossible.
PYOMETRA SPAY
Can early spay or neuter hurt your dog? Check out our blog here.
In the event of an emergency, the veterinarians will check the white blood count to see how severe the uterine enlargement is and how infected the uterine wall has become.
In order to get pyometra treated, the dog will need to have surgery to remove the infected uterus. This is called a ovariohysterectomy or “spay.” The sooner the surgery is performed, the better. If pyometra is left untreated, it can lead to sepsis (a blood infection) and death.
Without this emergency pyometra surgery, the bacterial survival can cause kidney failure and blood poisoning as the bacteria release toxins into the blood stream.
MINIMAL UTERINE ENLARGEMENT
When pyometra occurs, an enlarged uterus is normal in the abdominal cavity. The cystic lining fills with pus, and the entire uterus can become enlarged. This happens in both closed and open pyometra.
A mild form of pyometra may only have a small amount of pus in the uterus. The infection is still present, but it has not progressed to the point where the dog’s life is in danger. Mild pyometra is more common in younger dogs.
In some cases, a dog with pyometra will not have an enlarged uterus. This is most likely to happen in older dogs who have had multiple heat cycles. The infection can still be present, but the lack of enlargement means that the dog’s life is not in danger. No matter how severe the case is, the uterine wall undergoes changes and it should be treated medically.
In some cases, the vet may be able to drain the pus from the uterus without performing surgery. This can be done if the uterine enlargement is minimal and the dog is not showing any other signs of illness.
The vet will insert a needle into the uterus and draw out the pus. The dog will then be placed on antibiotics to clear the infection. This is not a cure for pyometra and the infection can return. The dog will also need to be spayed to prevent it from happening again.
PREGNANCY AND PYOMETRA
Even if your dog has had a normal pregnancy, they are still at risk for pyometra. This is because the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy can lead to the development of pyometra.
The best way to prevent pyometra is to be hyperaware of the symptoms of the condition until they are spayed. When it comes time to spay, it will remove the ovaries and uterus, so there is no chance for the infection to develop.
The preferred treatment of pyometra is spay. This is because it removes the entire reproductive system and prevents the infection from recurring. In some cases, the vet may be able to drain the pus from the uterus without performing surgery. This can be done if the uterine enlargement is minimal and the dog is not showing any other signs of illness.
Although pyometra is extremely scary and dangerous, it is important to remember that it is treatable. The earlier it is caught, the easier it will be to treat. If you think your dog may be showing signs of pyometra, take them to the vet immediately.
Caught early, pyometra is a highly treatable condition in dogs. Be sure to watch for the symptoms and take your dog to the vet if you think they may have pyometra.
Mammary tumors are the most common type of tumor found in female dogs. While they can often be benign, it is important to take steps to reduce the risk of mammary tumors as much as possible. In this blog post, we will discuss this deadly disease and what steps you can take to prevent or treat it.
MAMMARY TUMORS IN DOGS
A mammary tumor is a growth or lump that develops in the breast tissue of a dog. Mammary tumors occur mostly in female dogs and can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They can, however, happen in male dogs as well.
MAMMARY CHAINS
A mammary chain is a line of mammary glands that extends from the chest to the groin on each side of a dog’s body. There are typically five to eight mammary glands in each chain.
ADENOCARCINOMA
The most common type of mammary tumor in dogs is an adenocarcinoma, which starts in the cells that line the ducts of the mammary gland. Adenocarcinomas make up about 50% of all mammary tumors.
MAMMARY CARCINOMA IN DOGS
There are several different types of mammary carcinomas, each with its own set of symptoms and treatment options. The most common type of mammary carcinoma is an adenocarcinoma, which starts in the cells that line the ducts of the mammary gland. Adenocarcinomas make up about 50% of all tumors in mammary glands.
INFLAMMATORY MAMMARY CARCINOMA
An inflammatory mammary carcinoma is a type of adenocarcinoma that is characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the tumor. This type of tumor accounts for about 15% of all mammary tumors. Inflammatory Carcinoma of the mammary gland is a very aggressive form of cancer and has a poor prognosis.
LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU (LCIS)
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of non-invasive breast cancer. It is considered a precancerous condition because it may develop into an invasive cancer over time. LCIS is not common in dogs, but it is important to be aware of it.
METASTATIC DISEASE
Metastatic disease is cancer that has spread from the original tumor site to other parts of the body. Metastatic mammary tumors are relatively rare in dogs, but they can occur.
MAMMARY GLAND HYPERPLASIA
Mammary Gland Hyperplasia is a condition in which the mammary gland cells grow excessively. It is the most common benign mammary tumor, accounting for about 25% of all tumors.
FIBROCYSTIC CHANGES
Fibrocystic changes are a type of benign breast disease that is characterized by the growth of abnormal tissue in the breasts.
BENIGN TUMOR
Benign tumors are not as serious and are not usually life-threatening. Malignant tumors, on the other hand, can be very aggressive and spread to other parts of the body.
Although benign tumors are not as dangerous, they can still cause problems. They can grow to be large and uncomfortable, and may even interfere with your dog’s ability to urinate or defecate properly.
MALIGNANT TUMOR TYPES
Malignant tumors occur in about 50% of all tumors and are the most serious type of tumor. These tumors can spread to other parts of the body, and are often fatal.
There are several different types of malignant mammary tumors, but the most common type is Adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinomas make up about 50% of all malignant mammary tumors. Other types of cancerous tumors include sarcomas, lymphomas, and mast cell tumors.
RISK FACTORS FOR MAMMARY CANCER
There are several factors that can increase your dog’s risk of developing a tumor in their mammary glands. Each risk factor will be different for your individual dog. These include:
Age: Older dogs are more at risk for a mammary tumor. The average age of dogs diagnosed with tumors is six years old and older dogs are more likely to develop a mammary mass than those of a young age.
Breed: Some commonly affected breeds are more prone to a mammary tumor than others. Breeds that are at an increased risk include: Poodles, Bichons Frises, Boston terriers, Cocker Spaniels, Dachshunds, Lhasa Apsos, Maltese, Miniature Schnauzers, Shih Tzus, Springer Spaniels, and Yorkshire Terriers.
Unspayed females: Dogs that have not been spayed are at a much higher risk for developing mammary masses. In fact, unspayed dogs are six times more likely to develop mammary sarcomas than spayed dogs and have a poorer prognosis with treatment.
Certain health conditions: Dogs with certain health conditions are also at an increased risk for tumors in dogs. These conditions include Cushing’s disease, diabetes, and obesity.
Spaying your female dog: This is the number one thing that you can do to reduce your dog’s risk of developing malignant tumors. Spaying your dog eliminates her heat cycles, which helps to reduce the chances of developing malignant tumors.
Regular check-ups and screenings: Taking your dog for regular check-ups and screenings can help to catch any potential problems early. Your veterinarian can check for lumps or bumps and may even recommend mammary gland screenings.
Weight control: Keeping your dog at a healthy weight is important for many reasons, including reducing the risk of mammary gland cancer. Obesity is a risk factor for a malignant mammary tumor, so keeping your dog at a healthy weight can help to reduce her risk.
Avoiding certain health conditions: As we mentioned before, certain health conditions can increase the risk of breast cancer. Cushing’s disease, diabetes, and obesity are all risk factors for mammary tissue Cancer. Keeping your dog healthy and avoiding these conditions can help to reduce her risk.
Feeding a healthy diet: A healthy diet is important for all dogs, but it can be especially important for those at risk for mammary gland cancer. A healthy diet can help to keep your dog at a healthy weight and can also help to reduce the risk of other health conditions that can increase the risk of a malignant tumor.
GIVE A LOT OF GOOD EXERCISE
Exercise: Exercise is important for all dogs, but it can be especially important for those at risk for mammary tumors. Exercise helps to keep your dog at a healthy weight and can also help to reduce the risk of other health conditions that can increase the risk of cancer cells developing.
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to take your dog to the veterinarian for an examination. Early detection is key to successful treatment.
DIAGNOSING BREAST CANCER IN DOGS
Diagnosing benign mammary tumors in dogs requires:
identification of clinical signs by pet owner
a physical examination
breast radiographs (x-rays)
mammary ultrasound
fine needle aspiration or biopsy
biochemical profile
complete blood count (CBC)
chest x rays
abdominal ultrasound
A chest x-ray may be recommended to check for metastasis, or the spread of cancer to other parts of the body. When caught early, the chances of successful treatment are much higher.
Mammary tumors are relatively common in dogs, but that doesn’t mean
TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR CANINE MAMMARY TUMORS
The type of treatment recommended will depend on the stage of the tumor, as well as the size and location.
SURGERY / TUMOR REMOVAL
Surgery is the most common treatment for mammary tumors, and involves removal of the tumor and surrounding tissue. The margins of the tumor will be checked to ensure that all of the cancerous tissue has been removed. If the entire tumor has not been removed, additional surgery may be needed.
CHEMOTHERAPY
Chemotherapy may be recommended in addition to surgery or as a standalone treatment. It is typically only used for malignant tumors, as benign tumors do not usually respond to chemotherapy.
RADIATION THERAPY
Radiation therapy may be recommended in addition to surgery or as a standalone treatment. It is typically only used for malignant tumors, as benign tumors do not usually respond to radiation therapy.
The type of treatment recommended will depend on the stage of the tumor, as well as the size and location.
HORMONAL THERAPY
Hormonal therapy may be recommended in addition to surgery or as a standalone treatment. It is typically only used for malignant tumors, as benign tumors do not usually respond to hormonal therapy.
These are just a few of the treatment options available for dogs with mammary tumors. Your veterinarian will work with you to develop a treatment plan that is best for your dog.
PROGNOSIS OF MAMMARY GLAND TUMORS
The prognosis for dogs with mammary tumors is generally good, especially if the tumor is caught early.
With treatment, most dogs make a full recovery and live normal, healthy lives.
However, it’s important to keep in mind that mammary tumors can be aggressive and have a high rate of recurrence. It’s important to always monitor intact female dogs closely.
Providing balanced nutrition for our large canine companions is a topic close to the hearts of many pet owners. The question often arises: Is opting for specialized large-breed dog food a necessity, or can regular dog diets meet the needs of our large and giant breed dogs?
In this discussion, we’ll navigate the unique nutritional requirements of large breeds, weighing the advantages of tailored food formulations and considering alternative dietary approaches.
A few topics we will discuss:
Is large breed dog food a marketing gimmick
How large breed dog food is different than regular food
The nutritional requirements of large and giant breed dogs
The best foods for big dogs
Large Dog Nutrition 101
As if choosing dog food wasn’t confusing enough, the truth is that large and giant dogs such as shepherds, Great Danes, and mastiffs have much different nutritional needs than a chihuahua.
Large and giant formulated dog foods provide necessary and important nutrition that will support healthy growth, healthy joints, and energy for big dogs.
What is the difference between large-breed dog food and regular dog food?
A properly formulated large-breed dog formula will have a few key differences when compared to standard adult maintenance or regular puppy formulas.
The first, and most important difference is the calcium to phosphorus ratio.
This ratio is very important in growing large and giant breed puppies as it helps control the rate of skeletal growth.
If this ratio is too high, rapid growth can cause growth deformities and pain from knuckling or panosteitis (growing pains).
Nutrition for a growing puppy (especially a super-sized one) is a key consideration when it comes to preventing environmental hip dysplasia, poor muscle development, and other orthopedic disorders that are common in big dogs.
Not to scare you here, but choosing the wrong food can be detrimental to muscle growth and the development of healthy bones.
Large and giant breed dog foods that are well-researched and formulated by board-certified veterinary nutritionists (DACVN) will also have the correct levels of fat and protein to support their size and energy needs.
Many will also have added nutrients and supplements for gut health, joint support, and healthy skin such as additional vitamin d, DHA, EPA, Glucosamine, taurine, and the correct balance of fatty acids.
Small breed dogs do not have the same needs; their bodies grow and burn energy in different ways.
In other words, choosing an ‘all-life stages’ or ‘all-sizes’ dog food is like trying to fit your entire family into the same pair of one-size-fits-all pajamas – it might work, but is it ideal?
The best way to ensure that your large or giant breed dog is getting the nutrition he or she needs in its food bowl is to feed a food that has been specifically formulated for its size, age, and activity level.
While smaller dogs could eat foods that were formulated for bigger dogs, doing so long-term could be detrimental to their health.
Small breed dogs have different nutritional needs that should be addressed with a scientifically formulated food that was designed to meet their specific requirements.
We should also mention that large and giant breed kibbles are often larger in size, which could make it difficult, frustrating or even painful for smaller breeds to chew up.
Lastly, small dogs typically have a higher metabolism and need more calories per pound than their larger counterparts.
Grain-free kibble is often marketed as being a healthier, more natural option.
However, there is no evidence that grain-free diets are any better for dogs than those that contain grains.
As a matter of fact, grain-free and boutique dog foods are tied to a significant increase in nutritional DCM heart failure, likely because many formulas are unbalanced and often heavy in peas and legumes.
Nutritional DCM causes sudden congestive heart failure in dogs who often appear robust, shiny, and healthy just moments before their death. Dogs with undiagnosed nutritional DCM are a ticking time bomb.
While many large and giant dogs may be prone to this condition for genetic reasons,incorrect nutrition is also to blame.
You should never feed a grain-free or boutique kibble diet to your Great Dane or any other large or giant breed dog.
It’s important to understand that not all foods are created the same.
Understanding this can help you simplify your search for the best nutrition for your pet.
Many dog foods are created from a computer algorithm, created to meet nutritional minimums on paper and look appealing to the buyer.
Occasionally, somebody with moderate nutrition credentials may help with the formulation, or a veterinary nutritionist may be commissioned temporarily to sign off on the food (indicating that it meets the basic legal nutrition requirements).
These foods are sold at a premium price with eye-catching ‘natural’ and ‘holistic’ marketing. They often include ingredients such as squash, blueberries, and deboned meats.
This can make it difficult and confusing for consumers to know how to choose a healthy balanced diet for their pets, especially when we consider the fact that 300-400 new premium boutique food brands hit the market every year!
When you read labels and look at the ingredients in a bag of dog food, you must look past the marketing.
“Holistic”, “super-premium” and “human grade” are unregulated terms that have no legal definition.
Read on below to learn more about how to choose a dog food that was formulated correctly and ethically for your pet’s health and well-being!
Is the Dog Food Advisor a good source of information?
The Dog Food Advisor is a click-bait affiliate income blog run by a human dentist. Take that for what it’s worth.
Your veterinarian (and the board-certified Veterinary Nutritionists and journals that they get their information from) will be a much better source of nutrition information for your pet.
We have made a conscious effort on our blog to be science-based when it comes to health and nutrition. However, you should still talk to your veterinarian.
Many ‘highly rated’ foods on Dog Food Advisor were scientifically proven to be associated with multiple cases of nutritional DCM; a condition that can often be reversed in dogs that are put on a different diet.
Large breed puppy food will be formulated with the correct levels of energy and nutrients to support proper growth and muscle development.
Unlike adult dogs, puppies need more nutrition. However, it’s important to not overdo it! Don’t overfeed your puppy.
Most importantly, large breed adult and puppy dog foods will have a calcium to phosphorus ratio that is lower than what you’ll find in many standard puppy foods.
This is essential for preventing skeletal problems now and down the road. A dog’s risk of developmental growth disorders such as knuckling, pain, HOD, and limb deformities is much higher when a dog eats too much or is offered the wrong food.
IS YOUR GREAT DANE PUPPY KNUCKLING?
Check out our science-based and constantly growing knuckling resource page.
Large breeds are dogs that are going to weigh over 50 pounds as adults.
Some popular large breed dogs include the Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever, German Shepherd, Rottweiler, and Boxer.
Many research-backed dog food manufacturers consider giant breeds to be the same as ‘large breeds’, as their requirements for nutrition are similar. If you have a giant dog, ‘large’ foods will be appropriate as well.
When should I switch from large breed puppy to adult food?
This largely depends on the manufacturer.
Many brands will have you switch to adult food once your dog reaches 70-80% of his or her projected adult weight.
Others may recommend waiting until your dog is a year old or even 18-24 months old before switching them over.
The best way to determine when to make the switch to adult food is by following the manufacturer’s recommendation and the advice of your veterinarian.
Giant breed dogs have very similar nutrition needs as large dogs, however, special attention should be paid to their muscle development and orthopedic health.
What is considered a giant breed puppy?
A giant breed puppy is one that is going to weigh over 90 pounds as an adult.
It’s important to note that an overweight large breed dog tipping the scales at 90 lbs is NOT considered a ‘giant breed’.
Giant breed dogs include Newfoundland, Saint Bernard, Great Dane, Mastiff, and Irish Wolfhound.
Is there a giant breed dog food?
As of this writing, there are only TWO research-backed formulas made specifically for giant breed dogs.
Royal Canin Giant Breed
This formula is a top-tier food choice for your dog and while it’s pricy, it’s also one of the best options. Because it is so nutrient-dense, you may find that your dog doesn’t eat (or poop) as much on this formula. RC Giant Breed contains by-product meal, which sounds scary, but is closer to being biologically appropriate for dogs than deboned muscle meat.
Royal Canin is heavily researched and has created a series from puppyhood to adult that is perfect for giant breed dogs, providing correct nutrition for every stage of life.
This formula is hard to find and may have been discontinued or temporarily suspended (2022). It is for adult giant breeds only.
Giant puppies should be fed one of the Pro Plan Large Breed Puppy formulas listed below until 18-24 months, and then can be transitioned to the giant formula (if available).
Earthborn Holistic makes a giant breed dog food formula.
Earthborn is not, however, backed by the same level of science, research, and dedication to qualified Veterinary nutritionists as Purina and Royal Canin.
The Earthborn brand has multiple cases of nutritional DCM associated with it, and we don’t recommend feeding it. It also utilizes several forms of ingredient splitting, to trick you into thinking the food is more natural and nutrient-focused than it is.
Blue Buffalo now also has a joint support food out with a Dane on the label that they claim is ‘science-based’.
Unfortunately, Blue Buffalo does not have a good track record, and the veterinary community does not typically recommend this brand for numerous reasons.
In sticking with actual science and research, we don’t recommend it either.
It’s actually very simple to choose a kibble food for your dog when you look at science and research instead of marketing!
We only share brands that meet the following 4 basic ethics requirements for manufacturing dog food:
Utilizes at least one full-time on-staff board-certified veterinary nutritionist who formulates the food
Participates in peer-reviewed research and science for the greater good of companion animal health and to better inform their nutritional formulation decisions
Owns and operates their own facilities (no co-packing)
Utilizes feeding trials to substantiate their kibbles in real life, not just on paper
Only a few brands legitimately meet these requirements: Purina, Royal Canin, Iam’s, Hill’s, and Eukanuba.
These formulas are generally higher in calories and carbs, plus the small kibble size may make it easy for them to eat too quickly (increasing their risk of bloat, a deadly disease).
Additionally, the most current research indicates that giant and large puppies should be fed a science-backed large or giant breed PUPPY food!
We do not recommend feeding adult food to puppies, especially dogs that will be 50-100 or more lbs as an adult.
While it used to be said that giant puppies should only be fed adult food, this outdated advice was based on speculation and not science.
Puppies need different levels of calcium, phosphorus, energy, and other nutrients than adults or any size.
Feeding incorrect food, including adult formulas, to a giant breed puppy, can actually cause developmental orthopedic disease (DOD) due to too little calcium or too much calcium.
Additionally, adult foods don’t have the calories, protein, and fat that a puppy needs for robust muscle development, brain development, and energy.
Great Dane pups raised on adult foods are often hopelessly lanky with poor muscle tone. They are nearly malnourished until maturity because of this. We are so excited that new research gives Dane pups the nutrition they need to thrive!
The best foods for large and giant breed senior dogs
Senior dogs require lower calories and additional cognitive and joint support. Here is our list of the best foods for mature large and giant senior dogs.
Here is some information about common ingredients in giant and large dog foods. We hope this helps you dispel some myths you may have read on social media!
Meat Meals and Meat By-Product Meals
Many people believe that meat meals and meat by-product meals are lower-quality.
This is because many humans prefer choice cuts of meat, grilled to perfection…not the bones, organs, fat, and skin that dogs want and need in their diet.
The truth is that meat meals and by-product meals are highly digestible sources of protein, containing all of the essential amino acids your dog needs.
Meat meals of any kind, including meat by-product meals, will be closer, nutritionally, to a species-appropriate raw diet than fresh muscle meats will be.
Meat meals and meat by-product meals are also great sources of calcium, phosphorus, glucosamine, and other minerals. In fact, meat meals are often used as a natural source of these minerals in pet foods.
Because meat meals are processed and dehydrated before cooking, when they show up at the top of an ingredients list, they stay there after cooking, too.
So, if you see “chicken meal” or “chicken by-product meal” as the first ingredients in a food, that means there’s likely more meat and more species-appropriate nutrition in the food than if “fresh chicken” was used instead.
Fresh muscle meat sounds appealing to humans, but it is 70% water and doesn’t contain the same nutrition, amino acids, and joint support that a dog should be getting from bone, connective tissue, and organs.
Large breed puppies, adults, and giant dogs of all ages need meat and meat by-products in their diet.
As a matter of fact, foods with meat meals have been shown to help reduce the risk of bloat in dogs!
Chicken fat is a necessary and high-quality ingredient for large breed dogs. It’s a natural source of omega-six and omega-three fatty acids, which are essential for your dog’s coat and skin health.
Chicken fat is also an excellent source of meat-based energy for dogs. In fact, it’s one of the most calorie-dense ingredients in pet food.
Remember, just because us humans think it’s gross doesn’t mean it’s bad for our dogs!
Fish Oil
Fish oil is a natural source of omega-three fatty acids, which are excellent for your dog’s coat and skin health.
Fish oil is also a great cognitive support ingredient. It’s been shown to improve memory, learning, and attention in dogs.
Many well-formulated large-breed puppy foods and adult foods contain fish oil.
Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are natural ingredients found in the connective tissue of animals. Remember the ‘by-product’ meal? Yes, that.
These ingredients are excellent for joint health. They’ve been shown to slow the progression of osteoarthritis and improve joint function in dogs.
Many large breed puppy foods and adult foods contain added joint support, either added as a supplement or from the meat meals and by-product meals included in the formula. Look for a brand that tells you what balance of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate is in the finished dry product.
Overall, large breed dog foods are necessary for giant and large breed puppies, adults, and seniors.
They contain more nutrients, calories, and protein than smaller breed dog foods. Additionally, they often have special ingredients for joint health and cognitive support. If you have a large or giant breed dog, be sure to feed them food that is formulated specifically for their life stage!
We have a lot of articles on this topic and love sharing the most up-to-date research-backed nutrition information you’ll be able to find.
Do you like modern positive+balanced off-leash dog training, science-based information, life with Danes, educated ownership and chatting with other like-minded people?
False pregnancy dog issues can not only be annoying, but they are very dangerous and can cause major problem- even death.
If you’re a dog owner, then you may have heard of false pregnancy. This is a condition that can occur in female dogs who have not been spayed. False pregnancy can cause the dog to exhibit many of the same symptoms as pregnant dogs, including lactation and nesting behavior. In this blog post, we will discuss what causes false pregnancy in dogs, how to spot the symptoms, and how to treat it.
FALSE PREGNANCY DOG ISSUES: WHAT IS A FALSE PREGNANCY?
False pregnancies occur in female dogs who have not been spayed (intact female dog). (READ MORE)This is because they still have their ovaries and uterus, which can produce eggs and allow for implantation. However, in a false pregnancy, the eggs are not fertilized and there is no fetus present.
Despite this, the dog’s body will go through many of the same changes as if she were pregnant. This is because the hormones associated with pregnancy (estrogen and progesterone) are still present in her system. These hormones can cause the dog to exhibit many of the same symptoms as a pregnant dog, even though she is not actually carrying puppies.
PREGNANCY IN DOGS
Most female dogs should not get pregnant, despite producing puppies being a natural and healthy thing for a female dog.
Backyard breeding of an unspayed female dog who has not been health tested for genetic issues like hips, heart, eyes, or more can cause puppies to be born with congenital defects. These defects can range from mild (like a cleft palate) to severe (like heart abnormalities). They can also be expensive to treat and cause short life spans.
Additionally, pregnancy and childbirth are risky for the mother dog. Some risks include infection, uterine rupture, retained placenta, and more. For these reasons, it is best to spay your female dog before she comes into heat (usually around six months of age but varies by breed as large breed dogs should not be spayed until age 24 months). This will also help to prevent false pregnancy.
UNSPAYED DOGS AND RISKS
Unspayed female dogs face risks that other female dogs do not face such as pyometra, mastitis, and mammary cancer. (LEARN MORE ABOUT SPAYS HERE)
PYOMETRA
Female dogs that are not spayed have a high risk of developing pyometra, which is an infection of the uterus. This can be a life-threatening condition for dogs and often requires emergency surgery to remove the infected uterus.
MASTITIS
Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary glands that can occur during false pregnancy or lactation. This can cause the dog to produce milk even if she is not pregnant, and can be very painful for her. If left untreated, mastitis can lead to sepsis (a potentially fatal condition caused by infection).
BREAST CANCER
Unspayed female dogs also have an increased risk of developing mammary gland tumors, which is Cancer of the mammary gland. This is a type of cancer that affects the mammary glands and can be fatal if left untreated. Pet owners who notice mammary gland enlargement should take note of the physical signs, their dog’s symptoms, and take a vet visit for a blood test and medical treatment.
SYMPTOMS OF FALSE PREGNANCY IN DOGS
False pregnancy can cause the dog to exhibit many of the same symptoms as dogs who are experiencing an actual, true pregnancy. Signs of false pregnancy can vary from dog to dog.
False pregnancy symptoms can include, but are not limited to:
Nesting behavior (preparing a “nest” for her puppies)
Trying to carry around soft toys
Increased appetite
Lactation (milk production)
Abdominal enlargement
Mothering behavior towards other animals or inanimate objects
Some dogs lose weight and some experience weight gain
In mild cases of false pregnancy, a dog may only exhibit one or two of these symptoms. In more severe cases, a dog may exhibit most or all of these symptoms. If your dog is showing any signs of false pregnancy, it is best to take her to the vet for an examination.
Additional supportive exercise, enrichment, engaging toys and activities will help to keep your dog’s mind off of their hormone surge. Here are some ideas:
CORRELATION BETWEEN A FALSE PREGNANCY AND HEAT CYCLE
A heat cycle is when a female dog is in “heat” or able to mate and produce puppies. The average heat cycle lasts about three weeks, with the first week being the time when the female is most fertile. Having an estrus cycle is a normal part of a female dog’s life. Some dogs will go into heat every few months- while most is breed dependent.
A false pregnancy can occur any time after a heat cycle has ended. This means that a false pregnancy can happen even if the dog was not actually mated during her heat cycle.
Certain breeds of dogs are more prone to false pregnancy than others. These include:
WILL A PSEUDO PREGNANCY IN DOGS CAUSE THEM TO PRODUCE MILK?
Producing milk seems like an unusual thing when your pup is not actually pregnant. However, producing milk is actually a somewhat common on the list of clinical signs of a false pregnancy.
WHAT NOT TO DO IF YOUR DOG IS PRODUCING MILK
Although it is common knowledge that ‘milking’ a lactating breast will cause the hormones to prepare more milk, it is not recommended to ‘leave the milk’ inside of the dogs.
MAMMARY GLAND DEVELOPMENT
During puberty of a pregnant dog, the hormone levels are rapidly changing, causing an increase in estrogen and progesterone. These high hormone levels stimulate the development of milk-producing cells in the mammary glands.
Many people simply do nothing to help their pup experience these hormone changes- and that CAN be okay. However, there are also risks involved with doing nothing to get the milk out of the mammary gland.
MASTITIS RISKS
During a false pregnancy, the hormonal changes are already present and too much milk could cause the dog’s mammary glands to become engorged, which could lead to mastitis. If your dog is lactating, it is best to express only enough milk to relieve the discomfort and then discontinue milking.
So, yes, by milking your dog, you will create more milk production. But, in doing so for a few weeks you will also be preventing swollen mammary glands and infection which can be life threatening to a dog producing milk.
By gradually ‘weaning’ the milking, you will also help to ‘dry up’ the milk production by decreasing the amount of times your dog’s mammary glands are stimulated.
PYOMETRA
Pyometra is a uterine infection that can occur in dogs who have not been spayed. This infection can happen at any age but is most common in older, unspayed female dogs.
A dog with pyometra will often show signs of a false pregnancy, including:
Severe Pyometra will have bloody discharge and a fever. If your dog is showing any of these signs or if your dog appears physically ill, it is important to take her to the vet immediately as Pyometra can be life-threatening.
HOW TO HELP A DOG GO THROUGH A FALSE PREGNANCY
If your dog is going through a false pregnancy, there are some things that you can do to help her through it.
First, it is important to understand that a false pregnancy is USUALLY not dangerous to your dog and does not require treatment. However, it can be VERY dangerous- even life threatening.
However, if your dog is exhibiting signs of a false pregnancy, it is best to take her to the vet for an examination. This will help rule out any other possible causes of her symptoms and ensure that she is healthy, not facing any potential womb infections, and examine whether your dog is truly not pregnant.
Once you have ruled out any other possible causes of her physical changes, there are some things that you can do to help your dog through a false pregnancy:
If your dog is going through a false pregnancy, the most important thing that you can do is to be there for her. Show her extra attention and love, make sure she is getting enough exercise, and provide her with a safe place to nest. By doing these things, you will help your dog through this difficult time.
False pregnancy in dogs is relatively common, but unfortunately can be very dangerous. If you have a dog experiencing clinical signs of false pregnancies, you should monitor them closely.
FALSE PREGNANCIES AND GETTING YOUR DOG SPAYED TOO YOUNG
It is important that your dog be allowed to produce hormones.
Depending on their breed, hormones prepare the dog’s body for more than just pregnancy.
Male dogs rely on testosterone for their health, while female dogs rely on progesterone and other reproductive hormones for theirs.
Progesterone has been linked to bone health, heart health, and a healthy immune system in dogs. Testosterone is important for male dog’s libido, muscle development, and red blood cell production.
Both hormones are proven to be a beneficial and crucial aspect in the joint development of dogs. Below you can see images of breeds, with comparison of pediatric spay development and the same dog who was allowed to develop normally.
Once your dog has had a Phantom Pregnancy, it is possible that they might have another one. Phantom Pregnancy in dogs is caused by a hormonal imbalance and unfortunately, there is no way to prevent future episodes.
The best way to prevent future false pregnancies is to have your dog spayed at the right time. Spaying your dog will remove her ovaries and uterus, which will eliminate the possibility of her ever having another false pregnancy.
Not only will spaying your dog prevent future false pregnancies, but, when done at the right time for your breed, it will also help to keep her healthy. Spaying your dog will reduce her risk of developing certain types of cancer and other health problems.
FINAL THOUGHTS ON FALSE PREGNANCY IN DOGS
False pregnancy in dogs is a relatively common condition that can be caused by a hormonal imbalance.
If your dog is exhibiting signs of false pregnancy, it is important to take her to the vet for an examination. This will help rule out any other possible causes of her symptoms and ensure that she is healthy.
Once you have ruled out any other possible causes of her physical changes, there are some things that you can do to help your dog through a false pregnancy:
Provide her with a safe place to nest
Give her extra attention and love
Make sure she is getting enough exercise
Do not allow her to mate
Feed her a high-quality diet
Do not spay during false pregnancy
Talk to your vet about physical activity
If your dog is going through a false pregnancy, the most important thing that you can do is to be there for her. Show her extra attention and love, make sure she is getting enough exercise, and provide her with a safe place to nest. By doing these things, you will help your dog through this difficult time.
False pregnancy in dogs is relatively common, but unfortunately can be very dangerous. If you have a dog experiencing clinical signs of a phantom pregnancy, you should monitor them closely and consult with your veterinarian.
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What dog road trip essentials are you going to grab for your next adventure with your pet? Long car rides can be hard for dogs. Spending hours in the car can be uncomfortable, stressful, and even boring for dogs.
But, if you have the right things to stay organized on a long road trip, your dogs will stay happy for the entire trip. The following items are tested and true: guaranteed to keep your dog comfortable and make your trip successful.
All of my personal favorites are on this list- get ready to buckle down!
DOG ROAD TRIP ESSENTIALS
Taking a pet friendly vacation is no easy task, but pet travel essentials make it easier to travel with your furry friend. If you don’t like leaving your dog home for long periods and you’d rather adventure together with your pet, you will need to get organized and well stocked on a few things that will help your pup succeed on a long trip.
Cute dog looking through the car window.
In this ultimate guide, we will cover the following items:
COLLAPSIBLE BOWLS: FOOD AND WATER BOWLS
The last thing that pet parents should worry about with pet travel is how to conveniently feed their dogs.
Both you and your dog need a way to comfortably enjoy food while also cutting back on the mess.
My favorite travel / vacation food and water dispenser for dogs, however, is the Pupflask. The pupflask was a HUGE win for me and my dog while we traveled across the country because its:
Some spooked or anxious dogs are more prone to running away, and it is the last thing any pet parent wants for their pets to get lost in an unknown city or while they are on vacation. So, for that reason it is always recommended to pack an extra leash and extra collar for your dogs just incase you leave home one of them or lose one.
This pet travel leash is an awesome idea to keep on hand for your dog. You may not want to use it at all times, but with how tiny it is its a great option to keep in the car without taking up too much space.
The best part is that it easily attaches to your dogs existing collar, so you don’t have to worry about keeping track of another leash. It’s also super reflective so if you are out late walking your dog or find yourself in an emergency situation, this leash will help others spot you and your pet easily.
It is obviously always important to keep tags on your dog at all times, but even moreso if you’re going on a road trip, I find it important to have them tagged and GPS’d.
I personally use the following tags and GPS on my dogs:
It’s easy to get caught up in the great outdoors. You and your pup are getting some fresh air and before you know it your dog has sliced its foot, gotten stung by a bee, or started having acid reflux.
DOES YOUR FIRST AID KIT INCLUDE THESE ITEMS?
Antibiotic ointment or spray (for cuts and scrapes)
But if you’re trying to keep your car clean (or at least presentable), seat covers are an absolute must. I have three large dogs, so I need something that will protect my seats.
CARGO LINER FOR YOUR DOG FOR THE BACK SEAT
A cargo liner is another great way to keep your car clean when traveling with your dog. It’s basically a giant sheet of plastic that you put down in the back of your SUV or hatchback to protect the area from dirt, hair, and water.
The Big Barker SUV bed is on the top of my packing list because my dogs love it and love being comfortable and secure in the car. If your dog gets at all anxious in the car, they will love being secure in the Big Barker bed, which provides them with some safety and security from falling or rolling around in the back seat.
Best of all, the Big Barker bed is orthopedic for your dog, so you can know that it will actually help your pet feel better if they have Arthritis or Hip Dysplasia.
If your pet is anything like mine, they probably get bored pretty easily. Dogs are meant to be engaged mentally, just like humans. If you have an active dog, especially, you’re going to want to intentionally think through some treats and bones that are clean, healthy and sanitary for both your whole family and your dog. Bully Sticks are a great option as they are safe and longlasting.
Let’s face it, pets are very messy, so make it a priority to add cleaning items on your pet travel essentials list. It will make everyone more comfortable and happy to feel clean and sanitary on the trip, including your pet!
If you’re on the road with your dog, you do not want them to be climbing back into your car with muddy paws.
That is one of the reasons we love the MUDBUSTER, which is a tool used to keep dog paws clean.
You will just need this item, and some clean water.
FOOD ON THE GO
Feeding a dog is hard enough without being on the road. Opting for easy food is an absolute must when traveling with dogs.
The positive is that there are options to easily feed your dogs on the go, like dehydrated foods where you just have to add water.
Our favorite is, of course, Dr. Harveys! Here is a great blend of Dehydrated raw beef that you can add water to, which makes travel healthy while also convenient:
If you plan to stay somewhere for an extended period of time, be sure to pack your dog’s supplements so that their digestion doesn’t get altered while you are gone.
PAPERWORK: UP TO DATE VACCINATION RECORDS, UPDATED ID TAGS, VETERINARIAN CELL PHONE NUMBER, PET FRIENDLY HOTELS AND MORE
Lastly, it is easy to forget the ‘boring’ items such as vaccination records, ID tags, important cellphone numbers and a list of pet friendly places/people you may need.
Always keep vaccination records on hand because you never know when you may need them.
Don’t leave your home or town without updated ID tags.
Bring along not only your own Veterinarian’s phone number, but do some research for local veterinarians offices and Emergency Clinics in whichever town you are heading to.
Do your due diligence ahead of time to find pet friendly hotels to stay at.
Now that you know what to pack for your dog on a road trip, you can hit the open road with confidence! Just remember to bring plenty of food and water, stop often for potty breaks, and never leave your pet in the car alone. With a little planning, you and your furry friend will have the time of your lives
Big dog names can be hard to choose. You want a dog name that is strong enough to match their big personality, but docile enough that fits in to the ‘gentle giant‘ persona that many large dog breeds have.
If you have a new big dog, you’ve come to the right place for big dog names.
If you have a big pup, you might be wondering what some popular big dog names are. Luckily, we have a few ideas to get you started.
CONSIDER NAMING YOUR BIG DOG AFTER A FAMOUS LANDMARK OR CITY
First, consider naming your dog after a big city or famous landmark. New York, London, and Paris are all great options.
TRADITIONAL BIG DOG NAMES ARE POPULAR
Alternatively, you could go for a more traditional name like Duke or Duchess. Other traditional and popular names for a dog could include Max, Molly, or Zeus.
CHOOSING BIG DOG NAMES THAT ARE NAMES OF OTHER ANIMALS
For something unique, you could also try naming your dog after a big animal, like an elephant or grizzly bear. These big dog names can reflect our dog well especially if our big dog looks like a bear with lots of fur!
Whichever route you choose, make sure to pick a name that reflects your big dog’s personality and individuality. After all, they’re the ones who will be wearing it for life!
FICTIONAL CHARACTERS AND THE PERFECT NAME
Sometimes, using names from popular movies or books make the perfect dog name.
Some popular names could be King Kong, Clifford (the Big Red Dog), Chuck Norris, or even Godzilla.
NAME YOUR DOG AFTER YOUR FAVORITE MOVIE
Some people like to name their dog after their favorite movies. Here are some ideas:
The Hunger Games: Katniss, Primrose, Gale, Haymitch Harry Potter: Sirius, Lupin, Tonks, Harry
The Lord of the Rings: Aragorn, Gimli, Frodo, Legolas
Harry Potter: Sirius, Lupin, Tonks, Harry
BONUS: NAMES FOR BIG BLACK DOGS
Here are some ideas if you have a big black dog: Midnight, Onyx, Raven, Ebony.
These are just a few ideas to get you started on finding the perfect big dog name for your new pup and want to take the celebrity or movie theme.
A big dog can rock big, strong dog names. What better names for big dogs than those of Greek Gods or Goddesses?
Consider naming your big dog after one of these deities:
Apollo
Ares
Athena
Zeus
Nike
Picking a name for your big dog doesn’t have to be difficult. Just think about what some of your favorite things are and go from there. With so many great options out there, you’re sure to find the perfect big dog name.
UNIQUE BIG DOG NAMES
Maybe you are looking for unique names for big dogs. Dog names sometimes start to all sound the same when you are at the dog park and every single dog is named similarly.
However, names for big dogs can be very fun and unique! Here are some fun, different and unique ideas for giant breed dogs:
Tiny
Biscuit
Goliath
Beefcake
Butterbean
Thumbelina
Turbo
T-Rex
Atlas
Tank
Jupiter
Ziggy
Stardust
Bam-Bam
Whatever you choose, make sure it is a name that you are comfortable yelling in the dog park!
There are so many great options for big dog names. The most important thing is to choose a name that you and your pup will love.
MALE BIG DOG NAMES
Did you just bring home a male puppy? If so, you’re in the market for male big dog names.
Female dog names can be tough to find but dog owners have come up with some amazing ideas.
If you are looking for a feminine name for your female dog, maybe consider the following ideas:
Persy
Ginger
Princess
Bambi
Buttercup
Ducky
Belle
This is just a small sampling of some great ideas for female big dog names. Consider your pup’s personality when choosing the perfect name.
Maybe your female dog is not so much of a ‘feminine’ or ‘girlie’ type, and you want a more traditional female name for her. Here are some of our favorite big dog names for our tomboy oversized pups:
Blaze
Sammy
Ryann
George
Billy
Harley
These are all great ideas for big dog names, regardless of your pup’s personality type. Choose the name that you love best. If you love dogs- you will have an abundance of ideas.
GENTLE GIANTS: GENTLE DOG NAMES FOR BIG DOGS
If you’ve been around a big dog, you will know that your dog’s temperament will make any name a perfect fit. Finding a good name for dogs is hard, but knowing that whatever name you choose is going to match is really important.
Since big dogs have such a silly and sweet personality, it leaves you with excellent options and inspiration for names. Here are some great names for your sweet pup:
Bringing a giant dog or Great Dane into the family DEFINITELY requires a sense of humor! So, maybe you are looking for some funny names! Well, the world does not lack in the amount of funny big dog names out there. Here are some of the best funny names for Great Danes or other big dogs:
Biscuit
Butterbean
Goliath
Tiny
Thumbelina
Shark
Ziggy
Stardust
Bam-Bam
Butter-Ball
Pancake
If you are looking for a good chuckle, these are some of the best funny names for big dogs. Feel free to use any of them!
CUTE DOG NAME IDEAS
You just added a new family member into your life! It is one of the best feelings, and you are feeling extra sappy and ‘cutesy’.
If you brought home a new breed get ready for your world to be extra fun and covered in dog hair! There may not be a whole ton of rest in your future, but there are definitely lots of adorable dog names in your future!
Here’s some ideas:
Hailey
Sammy
Betty
Suzie
Benny
Rio
Doug
Piper
Sugar
Moose
LARGE DOG NAMES IN PERSONALITY AND SOUND
For a big dog, you need big dog names. Dogs like a Great Dane need a pup name that matches it in big dog size.
So, what are some big dog names that are also super cute?
Hunter
Courage
Boomer
Titan
King
Maximus
Prince
Grizzly
Lion
Duke
These are all great ideas for big dog names that also sound super tough. If you are looking for a name to make your pup feel extra special- choose one of these!
FINDING DOG NAMES FOR A LARGE BREED IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES
Different languages offer an entire new selection of dog names! If you speak Spanish natively, look for names in French. If your native language is Italian, look for some fun ideas or inspiration in Spanish.
SPANISH NAMES FOR DOGS
Here are some great ideas for Spanish names for dogs:
Abril- April
Luna- Moon
Princesa- Princess
Dulce- Sweet
Amor- Love
USE A LATIN NAME IN ORIGIN FOR YOUR DOG
If you are looking for a name with some Latin flare, consider using a Latin origin name. This can be a great way to give your new pup a name that is unique and different.
Here are some ideas for female dog names with a Latin origin:
Aurora- meaning ‘dawn’ in Latin
Bella- meaning ‘beautiful’ in Latin
Celia- meaning ‘heavenly’ in Latin
Dalia- meaning ‘flowering’ in Latin
Elvira- meaning ‘white’ or ‘blond’ in Latin
Fiona- meaning ‘fair’ or ‘white’ in Latin
Going through different languages to find more ideas and inspiration for your dog’s name can be a fun activity or game for your family. Enjoy the process!
PICKING THE PERFECT NAME FOR YOUR PET
When you’ve finally decided on the perfect puppy, it’s time to start thinking about what to name them. It’s a big responsibility, after all, this is the name they will have for their entire life!
Here are a few things to keep in mind when choosing a name for your new pet:
Avoid names that sound like commands – This can be confusing for your pet and make training more difficult. For example, the name “Boo” might make them think you’re telling them to go away.
Make sure the name is short – Long names can be difficult for a pet to learn.
Picking a name that ends in a hard consonant sound may help your pet respond better to their name.
Avoid names that are too similar to other members of your family or common words around the house. This can again, be confusing for your puppy.
Have fun with it! Don’t take the process too seriously. After all, your pet is a fun addition to your family.
Have you decided on a name yet? Share it with us in the comments!
Dog pills are SUCH a pain. Your dog needs them for their health, but they’re just so hard to get down their throat! And then you always have to worry about whether or not they actually ate the pill or if it’s just sitting in their food bowl.
Pet owners can agree on one thing, giving a dog a pill is not easy. You’ve done everything from hide dog pills in your dog’s mouth to giving your dog’s pills in something tasty, but your dog’s nose always seems to scout out the pill.
Giving a dog a pill is tough, but giving pills to a dog doesn’t have to be impossible.
Here are some solutions that many pet owners have found helpful in helping their dog happily eat their medication.
DOG PILLS: WHY IS IT IMPORTANT THAT OUR DOGS CONSUME THEIR MEDICINE?
Dogs need medicine at various times throughout their life for many different reasons. Some pills are for daily medication such as vitamins or supplements, while others are for more serious conditions that require antibiotics or other treatments. No matter what the reason is that your dog needs a pill, it is important that they consume the entire pill so that their body gets the full dosage of medication required.
DAILY VITAMINS PER YOUR VET’S INSTRUCTIONS
There are a few reasons why a dog might need medicine. The most common reason is for daily vitamins or supplements. Dogs, just like people, can be deficient in certain vitamins and minerals. For example, many dogs are lacking in zinc which can lead to skin problems. Zinc pills are a great way to ensure that your pup is getting the nutrition they need!
ONGOING MEDICATIONS FOR CERTAIN CONDITIONS YOUR DOG MAY HAVE
Other times, your dog might need medication for a more serious condition. This could be anything from an infection to cancer. In these cases, it is even more important that your dog takes the entire pill so that their body can fight off the illness.
No matter what the reason is for your dog needing medication, it is essential that they consume the entire pill. Otherwise, their body will not be able to get the full dosage of medicine required and their condition may not improve.
There are a few different ways that you can give your dog a pill so that they consume the entire thing.
HIDE IT IN THEIR FOOD
One way to give your dog a pill is to hide it in their food. This method works best for dogs that are food motivated and will eat anything you put in front of them.
Simply take their regular food and mix the pill into it. Make sure that the pill is fully mixed in and not just sitting on top of the food. Once the pill is mixed in, give it to your dog and let them eat as usual.
This method works best with wet food or canned food but you can also use it with dry food. Just add a little bit of water or broth to the food so that the pill will mix in easily.
HIDE IT IN A TREAT
Another way to give your dog a pill is to hide it in a treat. This method works best for dogs that are treat motivated and love getting a special snack.
There are a few different ways that you can do this. You can either buy treats that already have a hole in the center or you can make your own. To make your own, simply take a regular treat and use a knife or your fingers to create a small hole in the center.
Once you have a hole, insert the pill into the treat and give it to your dog. They will be so focused on getting the treat that they won’t even notice the pill!
If your dog is extra food motivated, you can try wrapping the pill in bacon, cheese or peanut butter. This method works best for dogs that will do anything for a delicious treat!
To do this, simply take a strip of bacon or a spoonful of peanut butter and wrap it around the pill. Make sure that the pill is fully covered so that your dog doesn’t realize there is anything inside.
Once the pill is wrapped, give it to your dog and let them enjoy their special treat!
If you don’t have any of these items on hand for your pet, you can use this formula from PET MD, which is a ‘PILL PASTE’. Gently rub the medication on your fingers and then using the paste, smear the medication.
Now, the medication tastes just like cheese and bacon treats instead of medication! Now, place the pill inside of your dog’s upper jaw or lower jaw. Sometimes, when placed in a dog’s lower jaw, they will be able to spit it out more easily. So, work with your pet on where to hide the pill.
There are also a variety of commercial products on the market that make giving pills to dogs easier. Pill pockets are one of the most popular options.
Pill pockets are small, soft treats that have a pocket in the center. (SHOP HERE) You simply insert the pill into the pocket and give it to your dog. They will never even know there was a pill inside if you have tasty pill pockets!
If you are having trouble getting your dog to take a pill even if you are hiding pills in tasty things, you can also try using a syringe or pill giver.
To use a syringe, simply fill it with water and insert the pill. Then, hold your dog’s mouth open and squirt the water into their mouth. Make sure that they swallow the entire thing!
A pill giver is a small, handheld tool that is designed to help you give your dog a pill. To use it, simply insert the pill into the end and then place it at the back of your dog’s throat. Push the plunger down so that the pill goes into their mouth and then let them swallow.
Using foods like dairy products, a hot dog, cream cheese, ground beef, peanut butter, regular cheese, or ice cream is also an effective way to give your dog a pill.
Simply take the food item and insert the pill into it. You can hand feed your dog the food directly into their mouth to make sure that they get not only the taste of the cheese but also the medications in their mouth. The different flavors will make the pills taste the actual foods and your dog will swallow the real pill much easier.
Certain foods are safe for most dogs, but be careful of other foods that may not be safe.
SAFE FOOD FOR DOGS TO TAKE PILLS WITH
DAIRY PRODUCTS IN MODERATION
CHEDDAR CHEESE
MOZZARELLA CHEESE
YOGURT, AND SOUR CREAM CREAM
GROUND BEEF
HOT DOGS IN MODERATION
ICE CREAM IN MODERATION (NO XYLITOL)
NUT BUTTERS LIKE PEANUT BUTTER AND ALMOND BUTTER
When giving your dog pills, always put safety first. Make sure that the pill is the appropriate size and dose for your dog. You should also make sure that you are using human food items that are safe for dogs to eat. If you have any concerns, speak with your Veterinarian!
SOME HUMAN FOOD SHOULD NOT BE ADDED TO YOUR DOG’S FOOD
Some foods are not beneficial for your dogs to eat, and can even be dangerous to hide pills inside of due to their toxicity to your pet.
GRAPES
RAISINS
AVOCADOS
CHOCOLATE
MACADAMIA NUTS
XYLITOL S WEETENER
ONIONS
GARLIC
While there are a lot of human food items that you can use, you want to be careful what you give a dog. Stick with safe foods to for a dog to take like cream cheese, cheese, or actual dog treats. If you are ever in question, speak with your Veterinary Clinic, or use a treat like the one below that is formulated especially for your pet.
FUN WAYS TO GIVE YOUR DOG ORAL MEDICATIONS
There are fun ways to hide pills for your dog. Medications can be hard to give a dog. Why not make it fun?
These ‘Medi Crunch’ Dog treats taste like peanut butter but they have a little pocket where pills can fit. They are so easy for dogs to take, and dogs can eat them in one bite.
The simplicity of allowing dogs to swallow this cute little tasty treat in one bite allows the medications to stay safely inside the treats.
Certain medications come in liquid form. If your veterinarian has prescribed your pet a liquid form of medication, it is more difficult to use treats to encourage swallowing.
Instead, you can use your dog’s tongue to your advantage!
Pet parents can drip the liquid directly onto their dog’s tongue. If their pet gives a fuss about the taste, use a smelly and tasty dairy product or canned dog food to mix up the liquid into something more delicious.
Try not to give either capsule, solid, or liquid pills on an empty stomach, as it could cause your pup to feel sick.
Always speak with your veterinarian about any side affects your pup is feeling from any medication that they are taking. If they are feeling any adverse reactions, your vet may be able to prescribe other forms of the medicine.
Additionally, never allow your pup to eat human medication without the advice of a veterinarian. Some treatments that are safe for humans are toxic to our dogs. It is ALWAYS safest to consult with a Veterinarian before making drastic choices for our pups.
Hopefully you enjoyed these tips on getting your pup to eat their pill and stay as healthy as they possibly can. Using treats, foods, and even fun little gadgets can make the process of giving your pup their medication a lot easier on both you and them. Do you have any tips or tricks that help when giving your pup pills? Let us know in the comments below! Thanks for reading.
Have you ever wondered about male Great Dane weight, how much an adult Great Dane will weigh, the average weight of a male Great Dane, or what a healthy weight for large breed dogs is?
If you have, then you’re in the right place. In this article, we’ll be discussing male Great Dane weight and all things related to it.
The average weight of a full-grown male Great Dane is 120 to 200 pounds. However, there are some individuals that may weigh more or less than this. Generally speaking, the larger the dog, the heavier they will be.
Great Dane on gray background
When it comes to large breed dogs like the Great Dane, their weight can vary greatly based on their height and build. A taller dog with a leaner build is going to weigh less than a shorter, stockier dog.
MALE GREAT DANE WEIGHT IN GIANT BREED DOGS
Healthy weight for large breed dogs is often determined by their body condition score (BCS). This is a scoring system that ranges from one to nine, with one being too thin and nine being obese.
A healthy weight for a male Great Dane would be somewhere in the middle of these two extremes, around a four or five on the BCS scale. If your dog is at either end of the spectrum, it’s important to talk to your veterinarian about ways to help them reach and maintain a healthy weight, which can impact the lifespan tremendously.
The average weight of a Great Dane depends on sex, height, age and build.
GREAT DANE BREED SIZE DEPENDS ON GENDER
There are a few things that will affect the average weight of a Great Dane. The first is sex. Males are typically going to be larger than a female Great Dane dog.
Males can grow, on average, to be about two to three inches taller than female dogs and can weigh anywhere from 15 to 25 pounds more. This is a significant difference and something you need to take into account when considering the average weight of your dog.
GREAT DANE ADULT FEMALE WEIGHT: The average weight for giant breeds who are male is 120 to 200 pounds.
GREAT DANE ADULT MALE WEIGHT: The average weight for an adult female Great Dane is 100 to 130 pounds. This is a 20 to 30-pound difference from the males of the breed.
Female dogs are going to be shorter and have a smaller frame than their male counterparts. Female dogs are also going to be much shorter than males.
HEIGHT OF GREAT DANES DETERMINES DANE GROWTH AND WEIGHT
Another factor that will affect the average weight of your Gentle Giants is their height.
The taller the dog, the heavier they are going to be. This is because they have more mass and more bones.
A Great Dane that is two feet tall is going to weigh more than a Great Dane that is only one foot tall. This is why it is important to know the average weight of your dog so you can be sure they are at a healthy weight.
THE AGE / WEIGHT CORRELATION OF GREAT DANES
The last factor that will affect the average weight of a Great Dane is their age. A puppy is going to weigh less than an adult dog. This is because they are still growing and haven’t reached their full size yet. An adult dog is going to be at their full size and weight.
Great Danes typically reach their adult height at about 24 months old because their growth plates remain open until 2 years.
However, all throughout the puppy stage and into both male and female adulthood (24 month+) giant dogs will continue to fill out and have ‘Great Dane growth spurts’.
GENETIC BUILD OF A GREAT DANE
Every giant dog has a genetic predisposition that they get from their parents. This will affect the size, weight, and build of your dog.
If you have a male dog breed that is from a smaller line of dogs, he is going to be smaller than a male dog breed that is from a larger line of dogs. This is something you need to take into account when considering the average weight of your dog.
Backyard breeding has majorly impacted the giant dog breed. Backyard breeders advertise Great Dane dogs as ‘EURO’, claiming that they will sell you a Great Dane puppy that is ‘thicker’ and ‘bigger’ than the average. The word ‘Euro’ is a major red flag.
Oddly enough, the standard for a Great Dane puppy and adult in America and Europe, looks strikingly similar.
See below for a photo of the breed standard for Great Danes in Europe.
EUROPEAN GREAT DANES AND GENETIC HEALTH PROBLEMS
Backyard breeders are are having a major, negative impact on Great Danes, and other dogs. Breed standard is getting lost, and it is causing MAJOR issues.
Backyard breeders are trying to sell Great Danes as ‘EURO‘ Great Danes, advertising them as ‘bigger’ Great Dane dogs. A Great Dane puppy should not be sold as a ‘EUROPEAN‘ Great Dane puppy unless it has proven lineage that traces back to Europe.
The word ‘EURO‘ is a major red flag and is often used by backyard breeders to sell Great Dane puppies that have not been health tested or cleared of genetic defects.
Backyard breeding has caused an increase in congenital and hereditary health problems in Great Danes, and other dogs. Some of these health problems include:
The best way to avoid getting a sick Great Dane puppy is to do your research, and buy from a reputable breeder who health tests their dogs. A reputable breeder will be able to provide you with health clearances for the parents of your Great Dane puppy.
There is NO competition for who’s Great Dane is biggest! The leaner, skinnier Great Danes are the HEALTHIEST, and least likely to develop conditions like hip dysplasia, arthritis, cancer, bloat, and others.
The best way to avoid getting an obese Great Dane is to feed them a high quality, breed appropriate diet, do not OVERFEED your Great Dane, make sure they are getting proper Great Dane growth, and to make sure they get plenty of exercise.
HOW MUCH DOES A GREAT DANE PUPPY WEIGH?
A Great Dane puppy is usually born weighing between two and four pounds.
Great Dane puppies grow at different rates, however the top most important thing to note is that the slower a Great Dane puppy grows, the better.
Fast growth in a Great Dane puppy causes many problems, including but not limited to:
Great Dane growth is one of the most important things during the critical first 12 months, and entire first 24 months. A Great Dane puppy has growth spurts all the way up until 24 months of age, when its growth plates will close. You can generally tell the health of a Great Dane and its growth by looking at its feet.
Knuckling is one of the most important things that can impact Great Dane growth. Unfortunately, when a puppy is between 0-24 months of age, their growth is extremely fragile.
Knuckling occurs anytime between about 3 weeks to about 24 months of age. Knuckling happens when rapid growth occurs and a Great Dane’s growth plates have not closed yet.
Painful movements, inability to hold their paws correctly
WHY DOES IT MATTER IF GREAT DANES KNUCKLE
The first 24 months of a Great Danes life are some of the most important. As the largest dog breed, Great Danes have a lot of growing to do- and they grow quickly.
When a Great Dane knuckles, it means that their bones are not growing correctly. This can lead to all sorts of problems later on in life. Severe knuckling in a Great Dane can even put too much pressure on a Great Danes bones, impacting the normal Great Dane growth and requiring surgery, permanent implants of metal into the bones, or even amputation.
However, every Great Dane owner likes to have a Great Dane growth chart for their dog’s age so that they can see if their gentle giant is maturing according to the ‘average’ or ‘normal’.
Growth charts should be used as a guide for large dogs, and if your Great Dane doesn’t fall within the Great Dane growth chart, you shouldn’t panic. Instead, you should examine your Great Dane and its body condition, rather than trying to make them fit into a growth and weight chart. Remember, it is almost impossible for a Great Dane to be too small, but very easy for Great Danes to be too big/overweight.
To view and read more about the growth chart of a Great Dane, including a growth and weight chart for you to print, click here. For more information about feeding a Great Dane, including a feeding chart, click here.
If your Great Dane is not falling into the Growth Chart, you should not worry. A growth chart is only meant to be a guide, and there are many factors that can impact a Great Dane’s growth. For example, if your Great Dane is not growing as quickly as the growth chart says he should be, it could simply mean he will be a smaller than average size for his breed, which is perfectly normal.
Use the weight chart as a resource for your Great Dane dog, not a bible.
On the other hand, if your Great Dane is growing too quickly, it could be a sign of something more serious, like a rapid growth issue. No weight chart should outweigh the opinion of a Veterinarian. This is a disease that can occur in any large breed dog, and Great Danes are no exception. If you think your Great Dane may have a growth disease, please take him to the vet immediately.
Click below for resources, including a Weight Chart:
A female Great Dane will be about 23.0-30.0 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh about 110-200 pounds when full grown.
The average weight of a female Great Dane is about 150 pounds, but some can be as small as 110 pounds or as large as 200 pounds.
Female Great Danes, like males, should be kept at their smallest healthy weight in order to be in optimal adult shape.
Any excessive adult weight can put extra strain on their joints, causing issues such as arthritis and hip dysplasia as they grow into their adult weight.
Female Great Danes are also more prone to obesity than males, especially after spaying, so be sure to keep an eye on your female’s weight and don’t let her get too heavy.
Feeding a Great Dane dog is one of the biggest priorities that a Great Dane owner should consider. A Great Dane dog requires specific dietary considerations during their typical growth phase (0-24 months) and their subsequent growth stages (24 months plus), as they are different than other breeds in the way that their bodies are formed, grow, and develop.
GREAT DANE PUPPY FOOD
A Great Dane puppy should be on a large breed puppy food, NOT just a regular puppy food. Great Dane growth is incredibly different than needs than small dogs. Large breed puppy formula will support the typical growth of a Great Dane and allow the growth stages to occur in a healthy, slow manner.
Puppy kibbles that we recommend for a growing Great Dane:
Great Dane temperament can be a difficult thing to predict, as it is not always clear what sort of temperament a particular dog will have until he or she is fully grown.
The best way to ensure that you are getting a Great Dane with a good temperament is to get your Great Dane from a reputable breeder who can guarantee that their dogs have been bred for good temperament.
Some things to look for in a Great Dane with a good temperament:
Even disposition
Calm around other animals and people, including children
Adding any dog to your family is a commitment and responsibility. But, getting a Great Dane is an even bigger responsibility because of the size of a Great Dane, the cost of a Great Dane, and the health issues sometimes associated with a Great Dane.
If you are looking into adding a Great Dane to your family, here are some things that you should consider:
Can you afford a Great Dane?
Are you prepared to deal with potential health issues?
Do you have the time to commit to training and socializing a Great Dane puppy?
Do you have the patience to deal with a dog that may be difficult to potty train?
Do you have the space for a dog that may grow to be over 100 pounds?
Do you have another dog that can handle living with a Great Dane?
Are you prepared to deal with potential damage to your home caused by a large, rambunctious puppy?
Do you understand the grooming needs of a Great Dane?
Do you have the time to commit to walking a Great Dane every day?
If you are prepared to deal with all of these things, then a Great Dane may be the right choice for your family. But, if you are not sure that you can handle all of these things, then you may want to consider another breed of dog.
There are many wonderful breeds of dogs out there and each one has its own unique set of needs. Be sure to do your research before adding any dog to your family.
What other things should I consider before getting a Great Dane? Are there any other breeds that might be a better fit for my family?
The best way to find out if a Great Dane is the right breed for your family is to talk to other Great Dane owners and get their input. They can tell you what it is really like to live with a Great Dane and help you decide if this is the right breed for you.
With big Great Dane responsibility, comes HUGE Great Dane love.
Hypocalcemia in dogs is a dangerous condition, however, it is treatable. Calcium helps with muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood clotting.
When a dog experiences hypocalcemia, it means that they have low levels of calcium in their blood.
This can cause a variety of dangerous symptoms, which we will discuss in this blog post. We will also talk about the causes of hypocalcemia in dogs and how it is treated.
Hypocalcemia in Dogs
A dog with hypocalcemia may have low energy levels.
Symptoms of Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcemia in dogs is a dangerous condition that may begin with mild symptoms. This can make it difficult to diagnose, as many people associate low energy and stiffness with aging.
The symptoms of calcium deficiency in dogs include:
Weakness
Low energy
Lethargy
Lack of appetite
Poor coordination
Stiffness
Cramping or other pain
Muscle tremors and twitches
Convulsions
Seizures
In severe cases, calcium deficiency can lead to death. If you notice any of these clinical signs in your dog, it is important to take them to the vet immediately.
My Great Dane Matilda suffered from life-threatening hypocalcemia caused by unbalanced boutique dog food. I’m sharing her story below!
Why do dogs need calcium?
Calcium is necessary to keep a dog’s bones and teeth healthy.
It is also essential for blood clotting, muscle contraction, and nerve signaling. In large and giant breed dogs, having the correct calcium and phosphorus levels is necessary for bone development and growth.
Poor blood coagulation is another symptom of incorrect calcium in the blood and can lead to devastating issues during surgery. A full blood panel should always be done prior to even the most routine surgical intervention (including spaying or neutering).
Dogs get the majority of their calcium from their diet, and blood calcium levels are then regulated by the parathyroid glands. Sometimes things can go wrong and a dog may not be getting enough calcium, even if the parathyroid hormone levels are at an adequate level.
This can happen for a variety of reasons, including unbalanced nutrition, poor calcium absorption, or deficiencies following whelping.
A blood test is necessary to determine if low blood calcium levels are the culprit.
How do I know if my dog has low calcium?
A dog with low calcium may have low energy levels and may begin to act weak or uncoordinated.
Worsening symptoms include tremors, convulsions, and seizures that may eventually lead to death.
Low calcium in dogs is a life-threatening, but treatable condition. Calcium plays an important role in the overall health of your dog.
How is Hypocalcemia diagnosed?
Following an examination, your veterinarian will likely perform a blood test. This test will look at total blood calcium levels, and some vets may also look at ionized calcium levels.
Ionized calcium is the form of calcium that is available to be used by the body and is a more accurate indicator of hypocalcemia.
Your veterinarian may also recommend additional tests, such as a urine test, to rule out other possible causes of your dog’s symptoms.
If your dog’s symptoms are caused by a low calcium level, the test results will show that. Normal total calcium levels should be around 8.4-11.8 mg/dl.
The veterinarian may also order additional blood work to look at Ionized calcium levels, which can further verify the diagnosis.
What causes Hypocalcemia in Dogs?
It is important to address the underlying cause of low blood calcium in dogs when treating it. For many dogs, addressing the root issue can resolve the problem.
Poisoning & Low Calcium in Dogs
Antifreeze poisoning is one of the most common causes of low calcium in dogs.
Anti-freeze contains a sweet-tasting chemical called ethylene glycol that can tempt dogs (and even some cats) to drink it.
Ethylene glycol intoxication can result in weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, and fainting.
Even a small amount of anti-freeze can cause serious health problems, including kidney damage and low calcium.
If you suspect that your dog has ingested anti-freeze, see the emergency veterinarian immediately.
Parathyroid Gland Conditions Causing Low Calcium
The parathyroid glands monitor and adjust calcium levels in the blood. If these parathyroid glands are not functioning properly, it can cause low calcium levels in the blood.
Thyroid disorders have genetic roots, so it’s important to monitor parathyroid hormone levels in dogs that are prone to hypo or hypothyroidism.
Acute kidney failure (aka renal failure) and certain medications can also interfere with the parathyroid gland’s ability to regulate calcium levels.
A dog that has chronic renal failure should be strictly monitored.
Dog breeding and low calcium levels
After a bitch gives birth, she may have difficulty producing enough milk for her puppies. This can lead to calcium deficiencies in both the mother and the puppies.
Many breeders give their dogs oral calcium supplements during pregnancy and after whelping to prevent problems.
If you have a dog that recently whelped and is nursing, it is important to monitor its condition.
Consult with your veterinarian about supplementation and choosing a food with the correct dietary calcium levels to support breeding while maintaining appropriate levels of blood calcium.
How nutrition affects blood calcium in dogs
Nutrition plays a key role in calcium absorption and utilization in dogs.
A diet that is deficient in calcium, phosphorus, or vitamin D can lead to hypocalcemia and low blood calcium on blood tests.
Even if the food was ‘formulated to meet AAFCO minimums’ and has an appropriate calcium level on paper, there could be underlying issues related to bioavailability and other micronutrients that can affect free total calcium levels in your dog.
An imbalance between these nutrients can occur if a dog is eating a commercial or homemade diet that is not properly balanced.
Incorrect vitamin D or phosphorus levels can cause nutritional deficiencies and dangerously low free calcium levels that greatly affect your dog’s health.
For this reason, we recommend avoiding boutique dog foods, which may not have adequate levels of balanced nutrients to fully support your dog’s overall health.
Boutique foods are from companies who:
Do not have a full-time board-certified Veterinary Nutritionist formulating and testing the foods
Do not participate in or contribute to peer-reviewed research
Will often only document their nutrition levels on paper; rarely if ever in ongoing feeding tests and appropriate testing
Common boutique brands include Fromm, Victor, 4Health, Diamond, Nutro, Nulo, Taste of the Wild, Solid Gold, Instinct, and many, many others who spend more money on marketing than on nutrition science.
Boutique dog food brands are often heavily marketed as “high quality”, “holistic”, “human grade”, or “super-premium”.
Veterinarians across the world recommend that dog owners choose only research-backed foods from Purina, Royal Canin, Hill’s Science Diet, and Eukanuba. These brands are the highest quality options that you can choose for your pet’s health.
(See Matilda’s story of hypocalcemia from “high quality” Nutro dog food below!)
Pancreatitis in dogs is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas.
The pancreas is an organ that produces enzymes that help the dog digest food. When the pancreas becomes inflamed, these digestive enzymes begin to attack and damage other organs and tissues, including the liver, lungs, and heart.
Pancreatitis can be caused by a number of things, including:
Eating a high-fat diet
Excess weight
Certain medications
Bacterial infections
Pancreatitis is also associated with inadequate calcium levels. When the pancreas is inflamed, it can’t do its job properly and calcium levels in the blood drop.
Pancreatitis is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention, and calcium deficiency is just one of many problems associated with it.
When a dog is diagnosed with low total calcium in the blood, the first thing that needs to be done is to find out the cause.
If the dog has an underlying health condition, like kidney disease, thyroid disorders, or pancreatitis, that needs to be treated.
If the low calcium level is due to a nutritional deficiency, then the diet needs to be corrected ASAP. Properly formulated diets do not require the use of a calcium supplement, so be sure to take your veterinarian’s advice on the best brands to feed your dog.
In most cases, oral calcium supplements or calcium-rich fluids are prescribed as well to help raise the calcium level.
The dog will need to take a calcium supplement for several weeks or months to correct the deficiency.
However, we do NOT recommend giving a dog any kind of added calcium without veterinary guidance, as too much calcium (hypercalcemia) can also be problematic.
In severe cases, where the dog is having seizures or other serious symptoms, calcium injections may be necessary to raise the total serum calcium level to within normal range.
For dogs with dangerously low calcium levels, it’s important to be aware of the fact that hospitalization and IV fluids may be necessary; plan accordingly, especially if you are breeding dogs.
Calcium supplementation in some form is often necessary to treat this condition. It is important to follow your veterinarian’s advice and not to stop the supplements or change the dosage without their guidance.
Low blood calcium is, as you’ll read below, a serious issue.
Matilda’s Story
Our Great Dane Matilda is an active, friendly, athletic dog. As she began to age, we noticed her slowing down. She became stiffer, more tired, and didn’t have the same energy as before.
For months, we chalked this up to her age.
I became alarmed, however, when she started showing worsening symptoms, including:
After completing a thorough physical examination, our veterinarian chalked this up to her being a giant breed dog.
We assumed that she was just aging and that her joints and muscles hurt.
Our vet encouraged us to switch her from Nutro Dog Food to a Hill’s Science Diet joint support diet and to seek physical therapy for her muscles. She also ran blood work to look for other underlying diseases and talked to us about the possibility of seeing specialists for her joints, heart, and nutrition depending on the results of her blood work.
The next day, she called and said that Matilda’s calcium levels were critically low. She told us that she needed better food and nutritional supplements ASAP.
We were feeding Nutro Ultra and thought we’d been doing the best thing for her by choosing a more “holistic” and “natural” food brand.
Her thyroid gland was functioning correctly and there were no signs of acute kidney failure or poisoning, so those underlying causes were ruled out.
Boutique dog food was killing her. Not only did she not have adequate calcium levels, but it was also suspected that her heart was not as healthy as it could have been.
If your dog has low energy levels and is eating a boutique food diet, talk to your veterinarian. Do not write it off.
We put Matilda on Purina Pro Plan Large Breed. Her symptoms quickly improved and within months she had more energy, balance, strength, and joy than she did as a puppy!
What we thought was aging was actually a dangerous nutritional imbalance, caused by poorly formulated dog food.
Nutrition plays a KEY role in your dog’s health. Do not fall for boutique food marketing (they spend millions convincing you to buy their product): talk to your veterinarian about what diet they feed THEIR pets, and why.
Here is our list of recommended foods for large and giant breed dogs:
Dog osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor / bone cancer that causes major bone destruction in dogs with an affected limb.
Osteosarcoma in dogs is most often found in the bones of the legs, but can also be found in the ribs, pelvis and spine. It is most common in large breed dogs over the age of seven, with Great Danes being one of the breeds most susceptible to developing this cancer.
There are many different types of osteosarcoma, each with their own set of symptoms. The most common symptom is lameness in the limb, followed by pain and swelling. As the tumor grows, it will begin to compress surrounding nerves and blood vessels, which can lead to paralysis or loss of circulation in the affected limb.
DOG OSTEOSARCOMA: A BONE CANCER IN DOGS THAT SHOULD NOT BE IGNORED
What is canine Osteosarcoma? Canine Osteosarcoma is a bone tumour that is also the most common primary bone cancer in dogs. It is an aggressive form of cancer that grows rapidly and metastasizes (spreads) quickly to other parts of the body, most notably the lungs.
Osteosarcoma usually affects middle-aged to older dogs with larger breeds being predisposed; however, it can occur in any dog at any age. The mean age at diagnosis is six to seven years old.
Great Danes have the highest risk of developing osteosarcoma followed by Rottweilers, Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers, and other large breeds like German Shepherds and English Mastiffs. While most cases are seen in dogs over the age of six, it has been diagnosed in dogs as young as one year old.
Lameness is the most common symptom associated with osteosarcoma. The lameness may come on suddenly or it may develop slowly over time. It is often intermittent at first, meaning that the dog will be lame for a period of time and then seem normal again for a period of time. As the tumor grows, the lameness becomes more constant.
Pain is usually associated with the lameness and may be severe. The pain is often worse at night or after exercise. Swelling may or may not be present depending on where the tumor is located.
If you notice any of these symptoms in your dog, it is important to have him/her seen by a veterinarian as soon as possible for a diagnosis. Early detection is key to successful treatment.
There are several tests that your veterinarian can perform to diagnose osteosarcoma. A complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical profile will often be performed first to get a general idea of your dog’s overall health.
PET PARENTS OBSERVATION IS THE FIRST STEP TO DETECTING BONE CANCER AND BONE TUMORS
Dog parents should be in tune with their dogs natural and ‘normal’ self.
Dog parents should know the clinical signs of primary Osteosarcoma and be able to take their dog to be seen at the very earliest possible time.
The most common sign of Osteosarcoma is sudden onset or worsening of lameness that does not improve with rest.
Pale gums due to anemia (low red blood cell count)
Dog parents will be able to see if their healthy dogs suddenly begin to limp, get lethargic, have a fever, and show other clinical signs.
Getting immediate diagnosis and treatment is of utmost importance to treat tumor cells.
XRAYS TO DETECT PRIMARY BONE TUMORS
X-rays are often the next step in diagnosing osteosarcoma. X-rays can sometimes be normal in early stages of the disease, but as the tumor grows, it will cause changes in the bone that can be seen on an x-ray. A mass or lump may also be visible on the x-ray.
CT OR MRI SCANS FOR BONE TUMORS
If your dog has a mass or lump that is visible on an x-ray, your veterinarian may recommend a CT scan or MRI to get a better look at the tumor. These scans can often give more information about the size and location of the tumor.
BIOPSY FOR BONE TUMORS
A biopsy is the only way to definitively diagnose osteosarcoma. A biopsy can be done in one of two ways: a needle biopsy or a surgical biopsy.
Needle biopsies are often performed with CT or MRI guidance. A needle is inserted into the tumor and a small amount of tissue is removed. This type of biopsy is less invasive than a surgical biopsy, but it does not always provide enough tissue for an accurate diagnosis.
Surgical biopsies are often done under general anesthesia. A small piece of the tumor is removed and sent to a pathologist for evaluation. A surgical biopsy is the best way to get a definitive diagnosis of osteosarcoma.
Once a diagnosis of osteosarcoma has been made, your veterinarian will discuss treatment options with you. The most common treatment for osteosarcoma is amputation of the limb followed by chemotherapy.
IS HAVING A BONE BIOPSY RISKY?
Conducting a bone biopsy is a very risky procedure with Osteosarcoma in dogs.
The primary canine bone tumors make the bones very fragile and conducting a biopsy can put your dog at risk for fracture or shattering of the bone.
SIGNS OF APPENDICULAR OSTEOSARCOMA IN DOGS
Dogs with tumor cells will begin to not feel themselves before the bone growth even takes place.
Lethargy, weight loss, and decreased appetite are all clinical signs that should not be ignored by dog parents.
These are all early warning signs that something is wrong and your dog needs to see a veterinarian as soon as possible.
If you notice any of these signs in your dog, it is important to have him/her seen by a veterinarian as soon as possible for a diagnosis. Early detection is key to successful treatment.
THE MOST COMMON AFFECTED BONE WITH APPENDICULAR OSTEOSARCOMA
Appendicular Osteosarcoma is a bone tumour that can affect any bone in the body, but the most common location is the long bones of the legs (femur, humerus).
Other less common locations include the ribs, pelvis, and shoulder blade.
Appendicular Osteosarcoma accounts for about 85% of all primary bone tumors in dogs.
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer in dogs and Great Danes are no exception.
While any dog can develop osteosarcoma, Great Danes are predisposed to developing this type of cancer. In fact, osteosarcoma accounts for about 50% of all cancers diagnosed in Great Danes.
While the exact cause of osteosarcoma is unknown, there are several risk factors that have been associated with the development of this disease.
RISK FACTORS FOR APPENDICULAR OSTEOSARCOMA IN DOGS
The following are risk factors for developing canine appendicular Osteosarcoma:
Age: Osteosarcoma is most common in dogs over the age of six.
Breed: Great Danes have the highest incidence of osteosarcoma, followed by other large breeds such as Rottweilers, Golden Retrievers, and Labrador Retrievers.
Size: Giant breed dogs are at a higher risk for developing osteosarcoma.
Gender: Male dogs are slightly more likely to develop osteosarcoma than female dogs.
Previous radiation: Dogs who have received radiation to the affected limb have an increased risk of developing osteosarcoma.
While there is no way to prevent osteosarcoma, there are several things you can do to help your dog if he or she is diagnosed with this disease.
TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR APPENDICULAR OSTEOSARCOMA IN DOGS
The most common treatment for appendicular osteosarcoma is limb amputation of the affected limb, followed by chemotherapy.
LIMB AMPUTATION OF DOGS WITH OSTEOSARCOMA
Limb amputation is usually recommended because it gives the best chance for long-term survival. In fact, dogs who undergo limb amputation and chemotherapy have a median survival time of about one year.
While this may not seem like a long time, it is important to remember that Osteosarcoma is a very aggressive cancer and most dogs with Osteosarcoma do not live more than six months without treatment.
So, while limb amputation may seem like a drastic measure, it is often the best course of treatment for dogs with osteosarcoma.
FINDING A VETERINARIAN WHO IS EXPERIENCED IN AMPUTATION FOR APPENDICULAR OSTEOSARCOMA
If you are considering limb amputation for your dog, it is important to find a veterinary surgeon who is experienced in performing this type of surgery.
While most veterinarians are able to perform limb amputations, there are some surgeons who have more experience and may be able to provide a better outcome for your dog.
CHEMOTHERAPY FOR DOGS WITH APPENDICULAR OSTEOSARCOMA
In addition to limb amputation, chemotherapy is often recommended for dogs with osteosarcoma.
Chemotherapy can be given before or after surgery and is often used in conjunction with radiation therapy.
The most common chemotherapy drugs used to treat Canine Osteosarcoma are Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, and Carboplatin. Cisplatin Doxorubicin combination chemotherapy is also used for treatment, which is considered the gold standard for osteosarcoma treatment.
Chemotherapy drugs can be hard on dogs, but most dogs tolerate chemotherapy when done in conjunction with other pain medications.
These drugs are usually given intravenously (IV) and can be administered in the hospital or at home.
Home chemotherapy is becoming more common because it is less expensive and more convenient for owners.
If you are considering home chemotherapy for your dog, it is important to find a veterinarian who is experienced in administering this type of treatment.
ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY
If you choose to do surgical treatment for your dog, you will likely be guided to do Adjuvant chemotherapy, which is given after surgery to help kill any remaining cancer cells.
Adjuvant chemotherapy is often used in conjunction with radiation.
The most common adjuvant chemotherapy drugs used to treat Canine Osteosarcoma are Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, and Carboplatin. These drugs are
PALLIATIVE RADIATION THERAPY TO SHRINK THE TUMOR TISSUE
Sometimes, palliative radiation is used for dogs with appendicular Osteosarcoma to shrink the primary tumor.
Palliative radiation is used to shrink the bone tumor and relieve pain. It is not a cure for Osteosarcoma, but it can help your dog feel more comfortable.
Radiation has been shown to reduce cancer related bone pain and can help to shrink the primary bone tumour, but it is not a cure.
Palliative radiation therapy is usually given as a series of treatments over the course of several weeks.
LIMB SPARING SURGERY TO TREAT OSTEOSARCOMA IN DOGS
Limb sparing surgery is used to treat Osteosarcoma in dogs. There are different limb sparing techniques.
Limb sparing surgery is a type of surgery where the cancerous bone tumor is removed, but the surrounding healthy tissue is left intact. Dogs with appendicular Osteosarcoma have Osteosarcoma cells that have spread from the primary bone tumor to other parts of the body.
Limb sparing surgery is often used in conjunction with radiation and chemotherapy.
The most common type of limb sparing surgery for dogs is forequarter amputation. Forequarter amputation is a type of surgery where the front leg is amputated. This type of surgery can be used to treat Osteosarcoma in the arm or leg.
Limb sparing surgery is often followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Limb sparing surgery provides a median survival time of about one year for dogs with Osteosarcoma.
While this type of surgery is not a cure, it can help to extend your dog’s life and provide a good quality of life.
SUBSCUTANEOUS CHEMOTHERAPY FOR DOGS WITH OSTEOSARCOMA
Subcutaneous chemotherapy is a newer type of treatment for dogs with osteosarcoma.
In this type of treatment, the chemotherapy drugs are given under the skin, rather than intravenously.
Subcutaneous chemotherapy has been shown to be just as effective as intravenous chemotherapy, but it is less expensive and more convenient for owners.
If you are considering subcutaneous chemotherapy for your dog, it is important to find a veterinarian who is experienced in administering this type of treatment.
SURGERY, CHEMOTHERAPY, LIMB SPARING SURGERY, RADIATION THERAPY, OR A COMBINATION OF THESE TREATMENTS?
The decision on whether to use surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these treatments will be made by you and your veterinarian based on several factors including:
No matter what treatment option you choose for your dog, it is important to remember that Osteosarcoma is a very aggressive bone cancer and the goal of treatment is to extend your dog’s life as much as possible and make him or her comfortable, keep the primary tumor from getting bigger and causing more pain, and help the bone from having bone destruction.
WHEN A PRIMARY TUMOR CAUSES A BONE BREAK OR FRACTURE
One of the biggest concerns in Canine Appendicular Osteosarcoma is that the bone tumor can cause bone breaks or a pathologic fracture.
Most dogs who have Canine Appendicular Osteosarcoma and who proceed to break their limb will not have a good outlook, as it is very hard to get dogs treated for the bone break when the cancer cells make the limb very weak to begin with.
If you have a dog with Canine Appendicular Osteosarcoma, your dog’s limb should be treated extremely fragile, as the host related risk factors for breaking a bone are high.
PAIN RELIEF FOR GIANT BREED DOGS WITH CANINE OSTEOSARCOMA
Canine Osteosarcoma is, unfortunately, one of the most painful diseases for a dog.
Pain relief is one of the best forms of treatment.
Some ways to help your dog cope with Canine Osteosarcoma and the associated pain are:
Providing a soft bed or mattress for your dog to sleep on
Most dogs appreciate a nice, supportive bed but because the bone sarcoma risk puts your dog at a higher risk for pain and fracture, using a supportive bed is even more important.
We recommend the Big Barker bed for any dog with Canine Osteosarcoma.
Putting non-slip flooring in your home to help your dog get around easier
Dogs with Canine Osteosarcoma often have trouble getting around and may need some help in the form of non-slip flooring.
There are many different types of non-slip flooring available and you can find them at most home improvement stores.
Unfortunately, Osteosarcoma in dogs is the most common bone tumor.
Getting Osteosarcoma treated is very difficult and there is no cure for dogs with Appendicular Osteosarcoma.
The average survival time for dogs with Appendicular Osteosarcoma is about one year.
However, with treatment, some dogs may live for two years or more.
The median survival time for dogs treated with surgery and chemotherapy is about 14 months.
Dogs that have limb-sparing surgery have a median survival time of 16 to 18 months.
For dogs that have their limb amputated, the median survival time is about 12 months.
The type of treatment your dog receives will depend on many factors including the stage of the cancer, the size of the tumor, and your dog’s overall health. Some dogs may only receive surgery while others may receive a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The survival time also depends on adjuvant therapy and whether there are secondary tumours or whether there is lymph node metastases.
If your dog has been diagnosed with Osteosarcoma, it is important to talk to your veterinarian about all of the treatment options and which one would be best for your dog. It is also important to find a veterinary oncologist that you trust and feel comfortable with to help make these decisions.
The most important thing you can do for your dog is to make sure he or she is comfortable and has a good quality of life.
IS CANINE OSTEOSARCOMA GENETIC?
Dogs with Appendicular Osteosarcoma will typically have a primary tumour, however Osteosarcoma is a metastatic disease.
A metastatic disease means that even though there is one primary tumor, the cancer has spread to other parts of the body through the blood or lymph system.
The most common place for the metastatic disease to spread is to the lungs, but it can also spread to other bones, the liver, and brain. The fact that Osteosarcoma is a metastatic disease make it much harder to treat as most bone tumors depend on the cancer spreading or not spreading.
Canine Osteosarcoma is not a genetic disease, however some studies on Canine Osteosarcoma reveals genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
There is not currently a genetic test available for Canine Osteosarcoma but there has been more gene expression profiling done in recent medical studying.
