Hello Danes

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  • Honest Kitchen Dog Food Review

    Honest Kitchen Dog Food Review

    As with all pet food content I write, I aim to provide transparency and useful information. This Honest Kitchen dog food review is going to cover everything from where the food is manufactured to whether or not it is nutritionally sound for your pet.

    I’m tired of pet food reviews that simply regurgitate and endorse the company’s marketing. You won’t find that here.

    Years ago, I fed Honest Kitchen food to my little dog.

    I distinctly remember preparing a bowl of it for my dog while my family was visiting, and they all kept saying that it looked like dog puke.

    They weren’t kidding. It’s true.

    Honest Kitchen invests heavily in marketing its brand, but whether its claims are supported by evidence justifying the extra expense remains to be seen.

    The Honest Kitchen sells dehydrated pet food (that must be prepared before serving), wet food, and “clusters” (their take on kibble). This is not a typical pet food brand, and that’s part of the appeal.

    Let’s dig in!

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    Honest Kitchen Marketing Claims

    The Honest Kitchen pet food company makes the following claims in its marketing:

    1. Human-Grade Ingredients
    2. Wholesome and Natural
    3. Balanced Nutrition
    4. Convenient Preparation
    5. Transparency
    6. Limited Ingredient Options
    7. Palatability
    8. High-Quality Standards

    These things are of course, very appealing to pet parents looking for a high-quality diet! Many companies make these same claims, so is Honest Kitchen different?

    What is Human Grade Dog Food?

    The Honest Kitchen claims to produce only “Human-grade” food and says that they are the only food brand authorized by the FDA to make that claim on their products. What they mean is that the FDA inspected their facilities and provided a letter of “no-objection” to Honest Kitchen using that term in their marketing.

    It’s not that the FDA has a designated term that requires companies to adhere to it, it’s that they had no reason to object to the term when Honest Kitchen asked them to verify.

    In 2009, the AAFCO decided to release a formal definition of “human grade” for pet food, which you can read here.

    None of this is a bad thing! It shows a dedication to quality ingredient sourcing and manufacturing practices (which, can be possible in pet foods that aren’t labeled “human grade” as well).

    You can read more about this HERE from Tufts University.

    The concept behind “human grade” dog food is that it will have been manufactured using the same strict attention to cleanliness, pathogen management, and quality as human food.

    There’s a common misconception that “pet quality” foods are produced using diseased slaughterhouse waste and low-quality fillers with lax quality control measures. (Read more here about the “euthanized animals in pet food” myth).

    Boutique pet food companies, such as the Honest Kitchen, leverage this belief to their advantage by claiming that their food meets the supposedly higher “human-grade” standards.

    However, food scientists know better than this.

    The truth? In many ways pet foods have much stricter regulations on them than human foods, especially when it comes to raw meat!

    Why is this? Because human food is meant to be cooked at home, which kills pathogens. Pet food must be safe straight out of the bag.

    Additionally, humans handle pet food in their homes; it cannot contain pathogens and toxins that may be harmful to people.

    I do not doubt that the Honest Kitchen has good quality control and sources high-quality ingredients. Where pet owners need to tread cautiously is in misleading marketing such as “human grade” that is meant to position food as superior.

    Many pet food companies selling “pet grade” foods adhere to insanely high standards, and they have to (because the regulations, believe it or not, demand it).

    A lot of the meat, grains, and supplements seen in more traditional pet foods are coming from suppliers who produce those same ingredients for human consumption.

    In theory and according to some standards, the moment it’s shipped for use in pet food, it’s no longer “human grade”, even if it’s identical to the product shipped to a facility making food for humans. Based on that logic, Honest Kitchen is not actually “human grade”, unless you plan to pour yourself a bowl and eat it for dinner.

    There are also major environmental and ethical considerations when it comes to using super high-quality anything for pets. Pets don’t need “top quality” anything in their diet. In nature, they will eat entrails, bones, bugs, and organs. In our homes, they will eat trash and poop.

    When the human meat industry processes chickens, there are nutritious bones, organs, and tissues left behind. Many pet food companies use these ingredients instead of allowing them to go to waste, however, the Honest Kitchen would not because it goes against their beliefs about quality.

    Food for thought!

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    Does Honest Kitchen Meet WSAVA Recommendations?

    WSAVA’s recommendations for pet food focus on factors such as nutritional research, quality control, and manufacturing standards, which are essential considerations for any pet food brand claiming to offer balanced and high-quality nutrition.

    I’ve dug into some very common WSAVA guidelines below to determine if Honest Kitchen adheres to them.

    Who Formulates Honest Kitchen Dog Food?

    The first place I look is the Pet Nutrition Alliance Manufacturer’s Report, which asks pet food companies to answer a few simple questions regarding their nutritionist and where the food is manufactured.

    As of 2023, The Honest Kitchen had not responded to those inquiries. Based on my experience, when a company chooses not to publish such answers for the Pet Nutrition Alliance, it suggests that they may not adhere to the highest standards.

    So of course, I had to go digging.

    The Honest Kitchen states that they “work with a team of renowned veterinarians, including an ACVN-accredited veterinary nutritionist, to create each and every recipe“.

    This means that they use unnamed consultants with variable credentials in their formulations, and none of them are on staff or employed by the company. Having an ACVN veterinary nutritionist involved in the formulation process is incredibly valuable, but without a direct relationship, it’s difficult to ascertain the extent of their contribution.

    Where is Honest Kitchen Dog Food Made?

    Most Honest Kitchen food is made in an unnamed “human-grade” facility that also manufactures soup, cereal, and milkshake powders.

    In 2021 they opened a manufacturing plant for their “clusters” pet food (which is similar to kibble). I was unable to verify how much of their manufacturing is done at this plant.

    I do believe that in general, the Honest Kitchen does meet high standards for ingredient sourcing, manufacturing practices, and overall management of pathogens and toxins.

    Does Honest Kitchen Do Feeding Trials?

    The Honest Kitchen brand has not completed traditional AAFCO feeding trials, instead indicating that they have “exceeded them” with a series of at-home trials.

    At-home trials can be complicated, as pets in the home environment cannot be adequately monitored for accidental or intentional ingestion of other foods, treats, and supplements. Additionally, because each dog lives in a very different environment, it’s hard to objectively compare them.

    In-home trials are helpful and can provide useful information, and it’s a far cry ahead of companies that do nothing at all. However, I’m not convinced that at-home feeding trials are all that superior.

    The Honest Kitchen claims that their 6-month feeding trial of 24 dogs indicated positive results for each dog. However, they only tested three recipes among several in their product line.

    The Honest Kitchen claims to be ethically and morally opposed to traditional feeding trials done in a laboratory environment. This take implies that dogs that participate in “traditional” tests are abused and live horrible lives locked in cages.

    This is simply not true. It’s a complete myth and I have serious complaints about pet food companies that spread such misinformation.

    Many people who work in pet food testing facilities will tell you that the dogs there receive tons of playtime, attention, enrichment, and care. They are groomed, loved, and trained. Those dogs receive regular veterinary care and are not subjected to torture or abuse as many would imply.

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    Is Honest Kitchen Endorsed by Veterinarians?

    Kind of.

    What I mean by this is that the only endorsements or collaborations I can find are with “holistic” veterinarians, and a review is hardly considered an endorsement.

    Holistic and integrative veterinarians can be helpful in some situations, however, they are unfortunately known for denying published research and utilizing “natural” treatments and solutions with questionable efficacy and safety.

    I’d like to see evidence-based veterinarians endorse or recommend Honest Kitchen as well, however, they don’t (at least not publicly or online). I’m always cautious when the only veterinarians that will recommend or endorse a food are “holistic”.

    I have no doubts that there are exceptional holistic and integrative veterinarians out there. Regrettably, however, many of them have demonstrated a tendency to prioritize profit-driven motives, leveraging sensational headlines for their financial gain, and using their platforms to spread misinformation about pet health, food, and care.

    It makes it very difficult to take them seriously.

    Are the Ingredients in Honest Kitchen Good?

    We are not veterinary nutritionists, so we cannot truly evaluate and assess this topic. This is a great article from Tufts University about evaluating pet food ingredients.

    So while we cannot determine if this food is nutritionally sound, we can take a look at what’s in it. Their grain-free formulas ARE heavy in peas and potatoes, which may increase the risk of nutritional DCM (more on this below).

    I pulled a random ingredients list from one of their most popular grain-inclusive foods, The Honest Kitchen Whole Grain Beef Recipe Dehydrated Dog Food.

    Dehydrated Beef, Organic Oats, Organic Barley, Organic Flaxseed, Dehydrated Potatoes, Dehydrated Carrots, Dehydrated Eggs, Dried Apples, Dried Parsley, Dried Cranberries, Dehydrated Spinach, Minerals [Tricalcium Phosphate, Potassium Chloride, Choline Chloride, Zinc Amino Acid Chelate, Iron Amino Acid Chelate, Potassium Iodide, Copper Amino Acid Chelate, Sodium Selenite], Taurine, Vitamins [Vitamin E Supplement, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Thiamine Mononitrate (Vitamin B1), D- Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5), Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), Vitamin D3 Supplement].

    There is nothing wrong with any of these ingredients, and I do not doubt that they have all been purchased from quality suppliers. Beef, oats, and barley are traditional and well-researched pet food ingredients.

    As a pet parent, I would not hesitate to purchase and use this food as a nutritious topper or to stuff puzzles such as the West Paw TOPPL!

    You can see this food on Chewy HERE.

    For comparison, I also pulled The Honest Kitchen Food Clusters Whole Grain Chicken and Oat ingredients list. Clusters are Honest Kitchen’s take on kibble.

    Chicken, Oats, Barley, Chicken Liver, Carrots, Eggs, Ground Flaxseed, Broccoli, Pumpkin, Apples, Natural Chicken Flavor, Coconut Oil, Kale, Chia Seed, Salmon Oil, Minerals [Tricalcium Phosphate, Sodium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Iron Amino Acid Chelate, Copper Amino Acid Chelate, Manganese Amino Acid Chelate, Zinc Amino Acid Chelate, Sodium Selenite], Fenugreek Seed, Dried Kelp, Taurine, L-Carnitine, Vitamins [Vitamin A Supplement, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Vitamin E Supplement, Niacin Supplement, Folic Acid, Thiamine Mononitrate (Vitamin B1), Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B5), Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B6), Vitamin B12 Supplement, Choline Chloride ], Mixed Tocopherols (A Natural Preservative), Turmeric, Dried Bacillus Coagulans Fermentation Product, Rosemary Extract.

    Like the dehydrated beef recipe, this appears to be another food with several traditional, highly researched ingredients such as chicken, barley, and oats.

    However, there’s a concern regarding the chicken content in this food. Although it is listed as the first ingredient, it doesn’t specify whether it was dehydrated or processed into a meal beforehand. This can suggest that its position as the primary ingredient may be due to water weight, not nutrient density in the finished food.

    Honest Kitchen clusters are “cold pressed”. This means that individual ingredients are cooked before being pressed into shapes at low temperatures (around 100 degrees Fahrenheit). It’s not actually ‘cold’ nor is it raw.

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    What is the Carb Level in Honest Kitchen Pet Food?

    The Honest Kitchen publishes detailed nutritional information HERE.

    I must admit, I was thoroughly impressed by the level of detail and comprehensiveness provided by Honest Kitchen. In contrast to many companies that make you hunt for such details or even refuse to provide them altogether, Honest Kitchen’s transparency is refreshing.

    I used their tool to pull random samples of food and here is what I found.

    Every sample was 42-50% carbs, which is in line with most dry kibble foods.

    The Honest Kitchen contains average carb levels.

    There is nothing wrong with carbs in pet foods and I appreciate that they embrace healthy grains such as barley and oats which provide amino acids and energy.

    What is the Copper Level in Honest Kitchen Pet Food?

    None of the samples I pulled had concerning levels of copper.

    All of them fell right in range with the averages we see from science-backed companies such as Purina, Royal Canin, and Eukanuba.

    In recent years, researchers have raised concerns about excess copper content in pet foods contributing to a rise in copper storage and liver diseases. The FEDAIF (European) recommends capping copper at 28 mg/kg. Many foods in the U.S. well exceed that level, especially from “holistic” and boutique-type pet food companies.

    However, this value appears to be well controlled in Honest Kitchen, running in the neighborhood of 10 – 22 mg/kg of copper on average.

    If you are concerned about copper levels in your pet’s food, verify that information with the company before feeding it.

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    Does Honest Kitchen Cause DCM?

    This is where things get a little dicey.

    Unfortunately, The Honest Kitchen has been seen in veterinary-confirmed cases of nutritional DCM (which can often be reversed with diet change).

    The challenge with nutritional heart disease lies in its multifaceted nature, and fortunately, it’s relatively rare. It DOES happen, however, and it is 100% preventable.

    Researchers know that N-DCM is seen as a problem with boutique pet food brands that do not have a qualified nutritionist on staff, in particular, if they use a lot of peas and legumes in their formulations.

    Whether we want to admit it or not, Honest Kitchen shares those risk factors.

    While the Honest Kitchen has exceptional feel-good marketing and wholesome ingredients, those things may not outweigh the risks of nutritional deficiencies.

    These deficiencies can be a problem no matter how ‘healthy’ and ‘high quality’ a food appears to be.

    Talk to your veterinarian about diet, especially if you have a breed prone to heart disease in the first place.

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    Can Honest Kitchen Dog Food Be Fed to Puppies?

    As with all pet foods, it’s important to verify the AAFCO statement on the bag.

    The statement should say something along the lines of this: “this formula meets the nutritional levels established by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) for growth and development.”

    Large and giant breed puppies require food where the AAFCO statement further indicates that the formula meets the nutritional levels established by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) for growth and development, including the growth of large breed puppies, 70+ lbs as adults.

    This is because large-breed puppy foods have well-controlled calcium and energy levels.

    No matter what Honest Kitchen food you choose, look for that statement.

    I found one food that is appropriate for puppies (including large ones). The Honest Kitchen Food Clusters Whole Grain Chicken & Oat Recipe Puppy Blend Dog Food. There may be others.

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    Honest Kitchen Dog Food Review – My Take

    The Honest Kitchen is a premium food that comes at a premium price point.

    As with most similar foods, the added expense is more than what would truly make our pets healthy and thriving. Good marketing tells us that “high-quality human-grade food” is what we should buy when the truth is that many very affordable foods produce the same (or better) results.

    I’m not convinced that pet parents should be shamed into spending big money on food like this under the guise that it would always result in a healthier, more robust pet.

    However, if you have a pet that does well on expensive “human-grade” pet food, and you can afford it, there is nothing wrong with that.

    I would use the clusters as training treats and the dehydrated food for stuffing enrichment toys. Honest Kitchen dehydrated food would make a great topper that is pretty close to fresh foods, while still being balanced and safe to feed.

    Would I buy it? YES! Absolutely.

    Would I feed it as my pet’s exclusive diet? No. I’d like to see the Honest Kitchen better adhere to WSAVA guidelines, and put to rest some of their more egregious marketing tactics.

  • Is Vitamin C for Puppies Good or Bad?

    Is Vitamin C for Puppies Good or Bad?

    In the world of puppy care, the practice of giving vitamin C to treat knuckling or carpal laxity has been a long-standing tradition. However, some veterinary journals suggest that this practice may be outdated and potentially harmful. This article aims to provide a thorough examination of the history, pros and cons, dosing information, and recommendations for pet owners considering vitamin C supplementation for their puppies.

    This blog is especially important for those who own large or giant breed puppies such as Great Danes, as they are particularly susceptible to growth disorders affecting their orthopedic structure for life!

    In this blog we will discuss:

    • Vitamin C as a treatment for puppy knuckling
    • The health benefits of Vitamin C for puppies
    • New research on bone health and optimal nutrition
    • The cons of giving Vitamin C to puppies
    • Which form of Vitamin C to choose, if you use it
    • Vitamin C dosing for Puppies
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    Are Vitamin C Supplements Beneficial for Puppies?

    A quick Google search turns up countless blog posts on this topic, but few answers are backed by legitimate science and research.

    The tradition of administering vitamin C to puppies stems from a belief in its potential benefits for joint health, particularly in large and giant breeds. Vitamin C plays a key role in collagen production and may play a supportive role in joint health. Proponents also believe that it can boost the immune system and act as an anti-inflammatory.

    To further understand if that is beneficial, it’s helpful to know how Vitamin C works for dogs in the first place.

    Dogs synthesize Vitamin C in their liver, all on their own, creating around 18mg of Vitamin C for every pound of their body weight.

    In other words, it is extremely unlikely for a dog to be deficient in Vitamin C, because they make it themselves.

    Can Dogs Get Scurvy?

    Scurvy is a condition caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C, which plagued pirates and travelers who spent extended periods at sea without access to fresh fruits and vegetables.

    The link between citrus fruits and scurvy prevention in humans was discovered in the 18th century by James Lind, a Scottish naval surgeon.

    While it’s theoretically possible for dogs to experience scurvy, the likelihood is exceedingly low, thanks to their natural ability to produce vitamin C without relying on dietary supplements. In this way, dogs and cats differ from humans!

    If a dog is suffering from symptoms that mimic or could be scurvy, veterinary diagnostics are needed to sort out the root cause of the deficiency.

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    Carpal Laxity Knuckling and Vitamin C Supplementation

    Many pet owners administer vitamin C to their puppies with the belief, rooted in the practices of breeders and fellow pet owners, that it can prevent or even address the issue of puppies knuckling over.

    Carpal Laxity, commonly known as “knuckling over,” occurs when a puppy undergoes rapid growth that outpaces the development of muscles, ligaments, and tendons. Consequently, the feet may either knuckle over or lose support at the ankle and toe joints and fall flat.

    This condition is understandably alarming to pet parents! It can also be common, especially among young large and giant breed dogs during their explosive growth stages.

    Breeders and enthusiasts frequently recommend Vitamin C as a preventive or treatment measure for this condition. However, the question remains: is this practice genuinely beneficial, or is it rooted in anecdotal beliefs?

    I’m not convinced it’s something we should be doing for every dog. It may be a harmful practice! Let’s dive into this.

    The Dangers of Over-Supplementation in Pet Diets

    Excessive supplementation in pet diets poses significant risks to the health and well-being of our furry companions.

    While certain vitamins and minerals are essential for their proper growth and development, an overdose can lead to adverse effects. Over-supplementation, whether intentional or unintentional, may result in toxicity, causing symptoms ranging from digestive issues to more severe complications such as organ damage.

    While some argue that over-supplementation merely leads to “expensive pee,” the reality is that at times it can translate to costly veterinary bills.

    For example, there is a reason that excess vitamin D in pet food has resulted in multiple recalls from pet food companies (including Hill’s, Fromm, Simply Nourish, and others). Excess vitamin D is toxic to dogs.

    Just because something is “natural” and sounds healthy, doesn’t mean that it is.

    Is Too Much Vitamin C Toxic For Dogs?

    Vitamin C does act as an ANTI-oxidant. Antioxidants prevent cell damage, and that’s a wonderful benefit.

    However, according to the veterinarians at Tufts University, excess Vitamin C (too much of it) will have the opposite effect.

    When given in large amounts, Vitamin C can become a PRO-oxidant! Instead of fighting oxidation, it begins to promote oxidation and thus, lead to cell damage.

    (Read more about Vitamin C and cell damage in this article from Tufts University HERE).

    What I’m trying to get at here is that the blind practice of giving large and giant breed puppies Vitamin C as a “preventative” may be misguided and worse, damaging.

    Of course, one data point on this topic isn’t enough. I want to see the research! So I dug some more.

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    Cons of Vitamin C for Puppies Joint Health

    In my research, I found four additional problems with giving puppies high levels of vitamin C!

    Calcium Oxalate Stones

    When the body has an abundance of vitamin C, it metabolizes into oxalate, a compound that, when combined with calcium, can lead to the development of these stones in the urinary tract.

    Calcium Oxalate Stones pose a serious health concern for dogs, as they can obstruct urinary passages, causing discomfort, pain, and potential complications.

    Chronic Loose Stools & Digestive Upset

    When provided more than their body needs, abundant vitamin C can irritate the gastrointestinal tract, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, stomach discomfort, or vomiting.

    Advocates for providing puppies with high levels of vitamin C often suggest resolving potential digestive issues by dividing the dose across multiple meals. Yet, considering the inherent sensitivity of puppy stomachs and the prevalence of chronic digestive problems in many young pups, one may question the wisdom of this practice.

    A lot of pet owners modify their puppies’ diet and incorporate various home remedies into their food to address persistent loose stools and stomach upset. In many of these cases, the culprit behind these issues might have been Vitamin C.

    Excess Calcium in the Blood

    Here is where things become sticky. Science tells us, without question, that excess calcium is damaging to puppies’ bones and joints as they grow. Calcium is an incredibly important mineral that is necessary for bone growth and health, but too much is devastating.

    This is a big reason we advocate for using WSAVA-compliant food brands that control their foods’ calcium and phosphorus levels very well.

    Large and giant breed puppies should receive no more than 3.5g per 1000 kCal of calcium in their diet. For most foods, that means the calcium needs to be at 1.2% or less, with phosphorus closely matched.

    Studies have shown that puppies with an excess of calcium in their bloodstream are highly prone to developing profoundly abnormal joints as they grow.

    One study showed that giving Ascorbic Acid to puppies that were suffering from HOD (hypertrophic osteodystrophy) correlated with an increase in their calcium levels.

    For puppies already experiencing the effects of over-nutrition and high calcium from their diet, vitamin C made it worse.

    Overnutrition and Rapid Growth

    Rapid growth and hasty bone modeling are significant indicators of potential orthopedic issues in large and giant breed puppies. The long-term effects of their puppy diet become evident, particularly in adulthood.

    It’s logical to assume that doubling or even tripling the quantity of a specific nutrient in the diet can lead to issues. The intricate process of tissue, bone, cartilage, and tendon creation is highly susceptible to negative influences when the body receives improper nutrition.

    Amino acids, vitamins, and minerals all play pivotal roles in the functions of growth, bone mineralization, and modeling. What’s more, they all work together. Some cannot function without the other.

    Excessive amounts of any of these key elements may have adverse effects, no matter how ‘nice’ and ‘harmless’ a simple nutrient (such as vitamin C) may sound.

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    Do Puppies Excrete Excess Vitamin C?

    Faced with this information, many individuals argue that animals, including humans, will excrete the excess Vitamin C through urine, suggesting that over-supplementation poses no problem.

    The belief here is often guided by the notion of “no harm, no foul.” This notion is often reinforced by the anecdotal favorite response of “Well, my dogs were given this, and they are perfectly fine.“

    While it’s true that some portion of the excess is eliminated through urine, particularly for vitamins with low bioavailability that won’t be effectively absorbed or utilized, we must acknowledge that over-supplementation has been proven to cause certain conditions.

    This raises the question of “when is it too much?”

    Irrespective of the dosage, there are established conditions linked to the excessive intake of vitamins, even those considered “safe”, like vitamin C.

    Every pet owner should conduct a risk-benefit analysis to ensure informed decision-making.

    If over-dosing could easily lead to cell damage, urinary stones, and an excess of calcium in the blood, it raises questions about whether Vitamin C is as beneficial a supplement as it was once believed to be.

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    Does Vitamin C Prevent Hip Dysplasia in Dogs?

    The role of Vitamin C in preventing hip dysplasia in dogs is not conclusively supported by scientific evidence.

    I’m sorry to say, but it just isn’t. There are thousands upon thousands of veterinary studies, journals, and research out there and there isn’t anything supporting the use of Vitamin C as a preventative for hip dysplasia or any other bone growth disorder.

    Genetic factors, nutrition, and proper care play crucial roles in hip dysplasia prevention.

    Similar to most bone growth disorders such as Panosteitis, knuckling over, HOD, Retained Cartilage Cores, etc., the development of these conditions is frequently influenced by excess calcium and over-nutrition.

    Hip dysplasia is genetically linked, and dogs with a predisposition are potentially at an even greater risk when exposed to preventable environmental factors.

    In my research on Vitamin C supplements for puppies, I’ve discovered that providing excessive amounts may have adverse effects. Puppies given an excess of vitamin C may experience elevated levels of calcium, which can be detrimental. Read more from the Vet Chick, HERE.

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    Does Vitamin C Prevent or Treat Knuckling Over in Puppies?

    If you’ve made it this far into my article here, you probably realize what I am going to say.

    Chances are, no.

    Observations regarding the potential effects of Vitamin C treatment on puppy knuckling are anecdotal and rooted in correlation rather than established causation.

    For example, if a puppy never experiences a growth problem (such as carpal laxity), a pet owner or breeder may believe that the supplementation of Vitamin C has played a role in its prevention.

    In a different example, a puppy exhibiting knuckling over may have shown rapid improvement upon the addition of vitamin C to its diet. It would be easy to believe that Vitamin C had resulted in the improvement.

    However, other contributing factors such as alterations in the diet fed, reduced overall stress levels, a better feeding routine, the puppy maturing out of it naturally, and improved practices in caring for the puppy’s joints, likely played a role in the observed recovery.

    Considering that a genuine diagnosis of scurvy is highly improbable for dogs, it becomes evident that vitamin C deficiency is not the root cause of the symptoms. If it’s not the underlying cause, the question arises: why is it being employed as a preventative or treatment?

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    Are There Benefits to Giving Vitamin C to Puppies?

    There can be some benefits to vitamin C supplementation, yes!

    It is well understood that while dogs make their vitamin C in their livers, their reserves of it may be depleted by stressful events such as extreme exercise (sled dogs and greyhound racing, for example), changes in the home environment (new home, leaving the litter), and medical procedures (including ear cropping).

    Nevertheless, since the advantages of supplementing in these scenarios lack conclusive evidence, such practices may serve little more than to provide a sense of reassurance for the pet parent.

    It’s important to highlight one study that found giving racing greyhounds vitamin C had the opposite effect as desired. It slowed them down!

    For me, the combination of a lack of scientific proof, paired with numerous data points showing the potential problems, makes me question the practice of giving puppies Vitamin C supplements.

    With an appropriate diet and adequate care at home or in a veterinary environment, dogs can effectively replenish their depleted vitamin C levels on their own.

    Does Vitamin C Prevent Cancer in Dogs

    Some research has shown that vitamin C may have a positive effect on cancer prevention and outcomes. However, this has not yet become well understood, nor has it been well replicated in human (or dog) models.

    Many researchers speculate, based on their studies, that the role of Vitamin C in cancer prevention will ultimately be disappointing. In other words, it is unlikely to be more beneficial and less harmful than other therapies and treatments.

    Practitioners in alternative medicine frequently advocate for the use of vitamins, including Vitamin C, in preventing health conditions, despite limited evidence supporting their effectiveness. It’s not uncommon for them to position things like Vitamin C as a magical cure-all with numerous benefits.

    This creates a challenge in distinguishing between factual information and speculation, as opinions within this field often diverge and contradict each other.

    While Vitamin C may have some potential benefits in cancer prevention, it’s important to recognize that it’s unlikely to be a miraculous cure-all.

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    What is the Best Form of Vitamin C to Give Puppies?

    The best form of Vitamin C for puppies is a nutritious diet.

    I’m not kidding! If you are feeding a well-balanced, nutritious diet formulated for large or giant breed growth, that’s all your puppy needs. (For information on recommendations for feeding large and giant breed puppies, read here).

    If you want to provide nutritious foods that contain vitamin C, consider offering fresh, whole foods as a boost instead of commercially available Vitamin C supplements. Adding fresh foods to the diet can have other benefits, too, such as increasing fiber intake and reducing the risk of bloat.

    Some examples of dog-safe foods that contain vitamin C include:

    Remember to keep healthy toppers like this to less than 10% of the diet, or less than 5% of the diet if under the age of 8-12 months.

    This is important because your pet needs balanced nutrition to support their overall health; too many extras can cause problems with the intake of other important nutrients, amino acids, and minerals.

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    Final Verdict – Is Vitamin C Beneficial?

    I don’t think it’s the most harmful practice, but I’m not convinced it’s necessary or truly helpful, either.

    Having now read some of the actual research in-depth myself, I will not be giving Vitamin C supplements to future puppies. Many veterinarians would agree with me; a lot of them consider this practice outdated and without merit.

    Millions of people have given their big pups up to 1500mg/day of Vitamin C and seem to have suffered no ill effects. However, how can we know for sure? We don’t, and that mystery is what gives me pause.

    Depending on the pup’s current weight at dosing, 1500mg can be 2-4x what their body produces, and needs, naturally.

    The form of Vitamin C used can affect how much is used in the body, too. Esther C is commonly seen as the most bioavailable form; however, it includes calcium. We know unnecessary and additional calcium in the diet is damaging.

    In assessing all of that, I’ve come to realize that it may just not be worth the money or the potential risk. We have no legitimate or scientific proof that Vitamin C supplements do much at all to help with certain conditions (such as knuckling over and dysplasia) and plenty of proof that it may be harmful.

    Do you believe that large and giant breed puppies should always receive vitamin C supplementation in their diet? Leave a comment below!

  • Purina Heavy Metals Test Results

    Purina Heavy Metals Test Results

    We wanted to give you an update on Purina heavy metals test results, because the verdict is in!

    Numerous pet owners are worried about giving Purina pet food to their animals, citing concerns about potential toxins in the food. The concerns began in 2023 with a toxicology screening report from Kansas State University, which showed potentially elevated levels of certain metals in Purina Pro Plan Sensitive Skin & Stomach food.

    Both Purina and the FDA have looked into this issue. The food was retested at two different labs.

    FACT CHECK: Repeated testing found that Purina foods are safe to feed. The initial test results were incorrect, due to an error that occured during testing.

    Update: March 6th, 2024

    After the first round of pet food samples Dr. Morgan sent for testing came back clean (January), she implored pet owners to submit kibble food samples from their homes.

    She sent these samples to the lab, and the food returned clean once again.

    This information was buried in a 14-minute video posted to her YouTube and Facebook channels on March 6th. Dr. Morgan has spent thousands of dollars trying to prove that something is “seriously wrong” with the food and continues to turn up empty-handed.

    To deflect from these test results, her video contains nearly 15 minutes of speculation and misleading information, including:

    • Conspiracies about other sites “scrubbing” information
    • Pet stores and brands dumping food by the truckload (which has always happened for various reasons; this is not new)
    • Pet brands are offering discounts and coupons (she believes that they are desperate to give the food away)
    • Speculation that the food contains “pesticides,” which are supposedly what’s causing the problem, and continued testing is needed
    • Statements about a widespread problem of pet food containing bugs, spiders, and spider webs (apparently, this is happening despite the supposed use of ‘pesticides,’ which is hugely contradictory to her argument)

    She spends a lot of time discussing her theory that the food contains pesticides and believes that they haven’t found a lab willing to find the contaminant.

    None of the foods tested positive, but she believes they haven’t yet found the right contaminant to test for.

    A few moments later, she blames the lack of verified reports from pet owners on veterinarians not testing the stomach contents of the dogs who died (during an autopsy).

    This is also contradictory because if the food comes up clean in lab reports, the stomach contents would also come up clean. It’s not like the stomach contents magically reveal the supposed contamination when the food seems to have nothing wrong with it.

    Statements like this are deliberate and meant to mislead pet owners into continuing to believe there is a problem despite the complete lack of evidence.

    Dr. Morgan is now imploring people to send her photos and videos of pet food in dumpsters. This is precisely the kind of conspiracy fodder needed to perpetuate this ongoing “kibble fiasco” and does little more than keep worried (and susceptible) pet owners busy.

    At the same time, she continues to drag this out.

    Update: January 30th, 2024

    Two independent lab results from Purina came back clean, and the tests that Dr. Judy Morgan sent also came back clean.

    She spent around $4000 to have lab tests done on Purina Pet food. In a video on her Facebook page on January 30th, she mentioned that they did not find heavy metals, Aflatoxins, Pentobarbital, Melamine, Vitamin D, Clostridium, Listeria, or Salmonella.

    I will discuss this further, but the key point is that Purina does not contain harmful levels of heavy metals. Any contrary information you encounter is rooted in online rumors and a social media campaign leveraging fear-based marketing to promote “holistic” alternatives.

    Purina heavy metals test results

    Kansas State University KSU Heavy Metals Report on Purina Food

    In November 2023, a post gained viral traction on social media, suggesting three dogs fell seriously ill after consuming Pro Plan Sensitive dog food. The post showcased a portion of a document containing toxicology results from the Kansas State University laboratory.

    The report highlighted heightened levels of specific heavy metals, leading to understandable concern among pet parents.

    Numerous individuals questioned the reliability of the report. Purina is renowned for maintaining an extensive quality control and testing program. The notion that they would distribute food with toxic levels of heavy metals to store shelves appeared far-fetched.

    Furthermore, the report lacked crucial details, including the specific Purina formula tested (such as the lot/batch number), and reference numbers or information providing context on what an average value might typically be for similar foods.

    Despite the red flags, the holistic pet community grabbed hold of this and started spreading it around as “proof” that Purina pet foods are dangerous to feed. That is another discussion, which I cover in depth in another blog post titled “Is Purina Dog Food Making Dogs Sick”. You can read it here!

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    Heavy Metals Analysis Testing Error

    An update was released on January 15th, 2024. Purina published that the samples were tested again by Kansas State University AND Iowa State University’s Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory.

    The results of both tests confirmed that there had been a testing error in the initial heavy metals analysis for Purina Pro Plan Sensitive Skin & Stomach.

    Purina pet foods are, in fact, safe to feed.

    Occasional failures occur in all laboratories. Contamination, storage and processing errors and equipment malfunctions can contribute to issues that skew test results. This underscores the importance of repeating critical tests and screenings to ensure accuracy.

    Unfortunately, this now-debunked toxicology screening has caused untold amounts of anxiety and panic among pet parents! Some people are still spreading the initial report as fact, which is misguided, misleading, and disingenuous.

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    Purina’s Response to Online Rumors

    Purina says that as few as two consumer reports associated with any food or product will prompt them to investigate. Due to the viral spread of the heavy metal screening test result on social media, hundreds of reports related to various products in their line were generated.

    In light of this rumor, our Quality Assurance team has reviewed all incoming consumer contacts, manufacturing, and quality assurance data (this includes ingredient testing, analytical data throughout the production process, and quality assurance post-production testing) for the past year.

    Purina Media

    To clarify, Purina did treat this matter seriously. As numerous pet owners seek explanations for their pets’ illnesses and fatalities, it’s crucial to recognize that pets can fall ill irrespective of the food they consume.

    There is no concrete evidence suggesting that Purina has caused harm to any dogs. Social media reports seem to stem from individuals who neglected veterinary consultation, disregarded diagnosed conditions (such as Parvo, unrelated to pet food), or attributed every ailment, from obstructions to poisoning and genetic disorders, to Purina.

    The media team at Purina has responded swiftly to all reports and has published a page with information about the online rumors. You can read it HERE.

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    Is There a Silent Recall of Purina Food?

    Despite proof from multiple University labs that Purina Pro Plan pet food is safe to feed, anxious pet parents and social influencers continue to promote the idea that a recall is imminent.

    Purina has consistently addressed this issue through multiple statements on its social media platforms and website. However, some individuals are reluctant to accept these explanations.

    Individuals who suspect that Purina is concealing information promote the notion that the company is engaging in a “silent recall.” Their theory is that Purina is quietly pulling food from store shelves but is not publishing a recall with the FDA.

    Of course, this is a theory with no basis or proof. It’s important to emphasize that a “silent recall” is purely speculative and lacks substantiated basis or evidence.

    Purina remains readily available for purchase from major retailers like Chewy. If it is unavailable in a particular pet store, it’s more likely due to a stock issue than a recall.

    There is no such thing as a ‘silent recall,’ and quietly retracting product from the market that has been proven to be harmful to pets would be both irresponsible and illegal. Information about any recall is shared immediately with the FDA, consumers, retailers and veterinarians.

    Purina Media

    Whether people want to believe it or not, most veterinarians recommend brands like Purina, Hill’s, and Royal Canin because of the amount of quality control, testing, and nutritional science behind those brands.

    Unless the FDA publishes an official recall, there is little (if any) reason to be concerned.

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    Purina Heavy Metals Test Results from Dr. Morgan

    Dr. Judy Morgan, a prominent holistic influencer leading the anti-Purina campaign, purportedly sent samples of Purina pet food to independent labs for testing.

    There is no information available regarding how she acquired, stored, or handled the samples, and it’s unclear whether they originated from the homes of pet parents who allege that the food harmed their pets.

    Despite several weeks passing, those results are still pending. While she attributes the delay to the time-consuming nature of the process, questions arise as Purina has already disclosed the outcomes of their comprehensive tests.

    The whereabouts of Dr. Morgan’s test results remain uncertain; despite this, she continues to promote that the food is full of toxins.

    Author’s Note: I am actively monitoring this social activity and the dissemination of misinformation by Dr. Morgan and her followers. Should she present test results, I will assess their validity and provide an update here.

    Is Purina a Trustworthy Company?

    Ultimately, pet parents have a choice in deciding whom to trust.

    The credibility lies with thousands of practicing veterinarians, board-certified Veterinary Nutritionists, and consistent test results from various laboratories. It’s worth noting that 46 million dogs are fed Purina each year and lead long, joyful, and healthy lives.

    On the other hand, there exists an opposing viewpoint promoted by “holistic” veterinarians who often engage in fear-based marketing tactics. This perspective advocates the belief that extensively researched foods like Purina are detrimental to pets’ health and contain toxins.

    Followers of this viewpoint have been urged to discredit conventional veterinarians and be skeptical of preventive measures such as teeth cleaning, vaccines, and flea/tick medications.

    They leverage this information to promote online courses, books, and alternative foods and supplements (which conveniently, they sell).

    We see this at play in multiple very concerning Facebook groups, which are run or moderated by Dr. Morgan. A lot of easily debunked misinformation is being spread, along with a healthy handful of promotions and brand recommendations (including products that she either owns or has a strong financial affiliation with).

    I think the choice of who to trust is clear as day. I stand with science, evidence, and critical thinking. My dogs eat Purina Pro Plan and are thriving; the proof is in the pudding.

    Notably, with few exceptions, most other social media groups on Facebook are now restricting discussions related to the current “Purina Panic.” This indicates a substantial number of moderators in the pet community actively curbing the spread of misinformation, and we appreciate that!

    Share your perspective! Do you trust Purina, or do you suspect that Purina food may have affected your pet? Feel free to leave a thoughtful comment below. If you align with our scientific approach, please share this post, too!

  • Why Do Vets Recommend Royal Canin

    Why Do Vets Recommend Royal Canin

    Amid the current concerns surrounding pet nutrition, there’s a growing unease among pet owners regarding the conventional recommendations from veterinarians. Royal Canin, Hill’s Science Diet, and Purina stand out as the top three brands frequently endorsed by vets – and for valid reasons. However, there’s a notable confusion among pet owners about why vets recommend Royal Canin, as some find the ingredients questionable.

    Whether we want to believe it or not, Royal Canin stands out as one of the cleanest and most biologically suitable pet foods. However, many people find the ingredients list confusing and in conflict with what they believe to be correct.

    So let’s dig into this. Here are a few topics I’ll cover below!

    • The truth about Royal Canin ingredients & sourcing
    • The reason why veterinarians sell Royal Canin food in their office
    • The quality control and science behind Royal Canin pet food
    • Whether or not veterinarians receive kickbacks or incentives for learning about and promoting Royal Canin food to their clients
    • The reasons why Veterinarians recommend foods like Royal Canin, instead of fresh, raw, or “higher quality” kibbles
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    Are Royal Canin Ingredients Bad?

    Many people promote that Royal Canin food is made up of “absolute trash”.

    The first two ingredients in MANY Royal Canin formulas are:

    Chicken By-Product Meal

    Corn

    To the uneducated pet owner, it’s understandable that those ingredients seem not only alarming but cheap! This is especially true when pet owners are presented with this information by those that they consider to hold a position of expertise (such as their dog trainer or an employee at a pet store).

    How can Royal Canin justify its luxury price point with those ingredients?

    The answer is simple. Those ingredients aren’t bad. The ingredients in Royal Canin pet food result in a nutritious, bioavailable dry diet that has been proven time and time again.

    Hear me out. I know what you have heard AND what you are thinking!

    “By-products in pet food are bad!”
    “Corn is a filler!”

    I’m going to debunk those myths below, but before we get there, let’s start with information sourcing!

    The Truth About “Canine Nutritionists”

    Where did you hear those things from? Did you hear them from a board-certified Veterinary Nutritionist? Or did you hear them from an influencer, blogger, or “canine nutritionist”?

    It’s important to note that “Canine Nutritionist” (and titles similar to it) are made up. The only nutritionist with legitimate credentials will have a board certification in Veterinary nutrition, and/or a PhD in Animal Nutrition. Most other “nutritionists” have little more than a simple online course under their belt.

    Social media is littered with people who have claimed the title of “nutritionist” and share it as a matter of authority. In many cases, they are using their authority to promote “holistic” and “natural” foods through brand deals and affiliate links.

    These very same people who say that “veterinarians don’t learn much about nutrition” are ironically the same ones whose credentials often consist of nothing more than a $10 online course that took a weekend to complete.

    We must be critical of those who obtain these “pet nutrition expert” type titles, as many times they are simply regurgitating what they’ve been taught by other profit-driven influencers such as Dr. Judy Morgan.

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    Ingredients in Royal Canin Pet Food

    As mentioned above, the ingredients in Royal Canin pet food are often looked at with scrutiny by those who promote the idea of “natural” diets for dogs.

    The two controversial ingredients in Royal Canin and many other veterinary-recommended dog food brands are corn and by-products.

    Let’s break this down!

    Chicken By-Product Meal

    By-products in pet food are often misunderstood, but they can contribute valuable species-appropriate nutrients, proteins, and amino acids.

    It’s a complete myth that by-products are ground-up waste from the slaughterhouse floor, or that they contain roadkill, euthanized pets, and diseased animals. The people who spread misinformation like this are nearly always trying to promote or sell a different product or agenda.

    In the U.S. alone, we process billions of chickens for human consumption. Every single one comes with nutritious organs, cartilage, fat, and bone that would go to waste if they weren’t used in pet food.

    When these chicken parts are used in dog food, they are a natural source of nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, Iron, B-12, Folate, Selenium, Choline, and more. Avoiding the use of by-products in pet food formulations may mean the company must make up nutritional deficiencies in the formula with additional synthetic vitamins.

    Not that there is anything inherently wrong with vitamins and minerals being added to the diet, but it does feel good to know that so many vitamins, minerals, and amino acids in our pet’s Royal Canin food may be coming from natural ingredients (whole chicken) rather than powders.

    Just because “by-products” sounds bad, doesn’t mean that it is! But if you are still on the fence, I’ll leave you with this, too: if you’ve ever given your dog glucosamine, chicken paws, trachea, liver treats, raw food, bones of any kind, pig ears or bully sticks, you’ve given your pet by-products.

    Enough said. Stop worrying about by-products in pet food, especially when it’s seen in veterinary-recommended brands.

    Corn in Pet Food

    Many people consider corn to be a filler in pet food, but have no clue why they feel that way. While it may seem counter-intuitive to feed corn to an animal that should have a lot of meat, consider this!

    Corn is more digestible than beef. It also has a similar amino acid profile, making it a great source of necessary nutrients.

    All dry kibble diets require some kind of starch to bind the meat products together. Many people are surprised to learn that corn may be a superior choice to other grains and legumes! It’s not a filler, and also not something to be afraid of.

    Not only can corn be a source of certain amino acids, it provides energy and fiber.

    In Royal Canin foods where chicken by-product meal and corn often make up the first 2 ingredients, we can be almost positive that the majority of the nutrition in the formula comes from those two things. That’s phenomenal.

    Still on the fence about corn in pet food? Check out this article from boarded Veterinary Nutritionists.

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    Why Do Vets Recommend Royal Canin?

    Even if you don’t buy into the concept that chicken by-product meal and corn are nutritious, bioavailable ingredients in pet food, you have to admit that as a company Royal Canin is incredible.

    Curious about why? Here are some stats:

    • The ROYAL CANIN® brand has pledged to achieve carbon neutrality certification by the conclusion of 2025. The initial product range is set to attain carbon-neutral certification by 2023, showcasing the brand’s dedicated efforts towards environmental sustainability.
    • Ongoing laboratory testing at every stage of production ensures product cleanliness and safety
    • 500,000 lab analyses are done every year by the Royal Canin team. That’s 1400 tests done every day.
    • Suppliers and distributors must meet stringent quality protocols that meet their standards
    • A sample of every raw material brought to the factory is kept for 2 years. This means that every bag purchased is fully traceable back to the source for at least the duration of its shelf life.
    • The Royal Canin Foundation provides financial and organizational backing to projects worldwide, amplifying the positive impact that pets have on human health and well-being. These initiatives focus on three primary areas: enhancing the health and well-being of working dogs, and supporting pets that contribute to both human health and medical well-being
    • All of Royal Canin’s products are not crafted based on trends in human nutrition or the preferences of pet owners. Instead, they are meticulously researched and developed using innovative nutritional science and observations of cats and dogs.

    Veterinarians recommend Royal Canin Foods because the company has a proven track record of providing safe, nutritious, and highly researched foods to pet owners.

    We haven’t even touched yet on the millions of dollars that Royal Canin has poured into nutrition and pet health research. They recently developed a simple, non-invasive test that cat owners can use to detect blood in their pet’s urine, helping owners detect health problems in their cats sooner than ever before.

    The put this simply, Royal Canin is often vilified by people who lack credentials in pet nutrition because doing so allows them to sell products that are, to put this bluntly, inferior.

    Because no matter how good it may feel to purchase that “holistic” pet food with “good ingredients”, the fact is that those companies, and those foods, simply don’t compare. Many of them are mass-produced in huge factories that make hundreds of other brands, for example.

    Veterinarians recommend Royal Canin because it’s a well-formulated food with traceable sourcing that works.

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    Human Diet Trends & Pet Food

    Royal Canin has said many times that they refuse to give in to human diet trends to sell food.

    Human diet trends are part of toxic diet culture; it’s part woo-woo, part marketing, and 100% predatory.

    Here are some examples of human diet trends:

    • Fasting and calorie restriction
    • Gluten, grain, dairy, soy, nut, sugar, wheat free foods promoted the ‘healthier’ choice
    • Keto, Paleo, Primal, Whole 30, etc.
    • Social media fitness & diet influencers

    Pet diets often mirror current trends in human food culture.

    The Keto diet, which has gained popularity in recent years, raised concerns among researchers and doctors due to its potential dangers.

    Despite this, pet food brands capitalized on the trend, introducing dog foods aiming to induce a state of Ketosis. Similarly, the grain-free trend in human diets influenced pet foods, and brands flooded the market with grain-free options.

    However, the reality is that these pet foods, while free of grains, often substitute them with legumes and potatoes, contributing to nutritional issues like heart disease in dogs.

    Social media is inundated with brands and influencers promoting supposedly healthier and more natural pet foods, yet many of these influencers don’t feed these products to their pets.

    It’s a marketing strategy more than a genuine commitment to pet health.

    In this landscape, Royal Canin takes a firm stand against such trends. The brand prioritizes science and published research over fleeting consumer trends.

    Author’s Note: It’s important to note that this stance does not apply to those with medical conditions or allergies treated with specific diets under the supervision of qualified nutritionists or doctors.

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    Do Veterinarians Receive Kickbacks for Promoting Royal Canin?

    The notion of veterinarians receiving kickbacks for promoting specific pet food brands, such as Royal Canin, is a pervasive and damaging myth.

    Veterinarians play a crucial role in promoting pet health and often recommend therapeutic pet food diets tailored to address specific medical conditions. Royal Canin, a well-established brand in the veterinary field, offers a range of therapeutic diets formulated to support various health needs in pets.

    If a veterinarian recommends or prescribes Royal Canin foods, there is a reason! For example, Royal Canin makes diets that are safe and helpful for a range of conditions where proper nutrition is of key importance.

    Some examples of therapeutic diets a veterinarian might recommend include:

    • Weight loss
    • Hydrolyzed protein (for dogs with severe allergies)
    • Liver, kidney, or Urinary care
    • Gastrointestinal
    • Vegetarian

    Veterinarians base their suggestions on scientific research, nutritional expertise, and the specific dietary requirements of individual pets. The major companies that formulate therapeutic diets (Purina, Hill’s, and Royal Canin) have a team of board-certified Veterinary Nutritionists on staff who are available for veterinarians to call on if advice is needed before making a recommendation.

    No other food brands offer this incredible access to experts with nearly 15 years of upper-level education in the field of animal biology and nutrition.

    Many uneducated consumers may be incorrectly led to believe that these specialty diets are purely marketing; however, this assumption fails to acknowledge the role of nutrition in treating specific diseases, and the amount of research that has gone into each formula.

    The notion of kickbacks in the veterinary profession is not only unfounded but also damaging to the trust between pet owners and veterinarians. Veterinarians adhere to ethical standards that prioritize the health of their patients above all else. Accusations of kickbacks undermine the integrity of the veterinary profession and can erode the confidence that pet owners place in their veterinarians’ recommendations.

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    Why Do Veterinarians Recommend Royal Canin Instead of Fresh Diets?

    While fresh diets have gained popularity among some pet owners, veterinarians often advocate for commercially formulated diets.

    This may confuse individuals who hold the mistaken belief that dry pet foods are excessively processed or harmful and that opting for fresh or raw foods is a panacea for all health issues.

    Commercially available pet foods, including those from reputable brands like Royal Canin, undergo rigorous testing and quality control measures to ensure nutritional balance and safety. These formulations are meticulously crafted to meet the specific dietary needs of different life stages, breeds, and health conditions. The consistency and reliability of these commercial diets provide a level of assurance that can be challenging to replicate with homemade or fresh diets.

    Moreover, formulating a nutritionally complete and balanced diet for pets requires a deep understanding of their specific nutritional requirements. Veterinarians can confidently recommend commercial diets that have undergone thorough research and testing. These diets often include essential nutrients in precise proportions, contributing to optimal pet health.

    Another crucial consideration is the potential for nutritional imbalances and deficiencies in homemade or fresh diets. Crafting a nutritionally sound diet for pets involves careful attention to ingredient selection, nutrient content, and preparation methods. Without proper knowledge and guidance, pet owners may inadvertently expose their pets to nutritional inadequacies that could impact their health over time.

    To put this simply, veterinarians know that a well-formulated dry diet (for example, Royal Canin) is everything an animal needs. These diets are safe and reliable, too.

    If you’ve heard anything else, check your source. Are they trying to promote an agenda and/or sell you on a different product?

  • Adopting a Great Dane: What to Know & Expect

    Adopting a Great Dane: What to Know & Expect

    If you are considering adopting a Great Dane, we at Hello Danes LOVE you for that. There are many beautiful, wonderful Great Danes in rescue right now waiting for a new couch to lounge on. Great Danes are not for everybody though, and it’s important to know about the breed and what to expect before you commit.

    Great Danes are known for their gentle nature, imposing size, and unique characteristics. They make wonderful companions for the right owners! However, like any pet, they come with their own set of considerations and responsibilities, especially if they come from a past of neglect, abuse, and poor genetics.

    In this blog post, we’ll explore what you need to know and expect when rescuing a Great Dane!

    BONUS – I’ve included a helpful shopping list at the bottom of this post so you know exactly what to get for your Great Dane!

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    Understanding the Breed Before Adopting a Great Dane

    It is so important to know and understand what it’s like to live with a Great Dane before you adopt one. Great Danes, often referred to as “gentle giants,” possess distinct characteristics and requirements that may not align with every lifestyle. They take up a lot of space, are expensive, and can be intimidating to strangers and children. Not only that, Great Danes eat a lot of food.

    Great Dane Size

    One of the first things that come to mind when thinking about Great Danes is their size. Great Danes are HUGE.

    You may have noticed that many Great Dane rescues will not adopt Great Danes to owners with no giant breed experience; this is a big reason why. People return big dogs to rescue all of the time, not realizing how much space they take up.

    Adult Great Danes can weigh between 140 to 175 pounds or more, and they can stand over 30 inches tall at the shoulder.

    An untrained Great Dane is a danger to themselves and to others, because it’s easy for them to accidentally hurt somebody by pulling, lunging, running, and jumping.

    Many new Great Dane parents are shocked at how much space these dogs take up.

    Personally, we live in an average suburban home with an open floor plan and there are times when I just want my big male Dane to stop following me around! These dogs are human sized and you absolutely notice their presence jamming up the hallways, crowding you in the bathroom, and using up all of the space on the couch.

    We still love them for it, but you’ve been warned…

    Great Dane Personality: the Gentle Giant

    Despite their imposing stature, Great Danes are often referred to as “gentle giants.” They are known for their friendly and affectionate nature, making them great family pets.

    Unfortunately, many rescued Great Danes come from poor genetics and lack socialization; this can make them nervous, timid, or even reactive and aggressive. These behaviors are not normal or acceptable for Great Danes, but it is a reality for many.

    It is VERY important that you work closely with your Great Dane Rescue to make sure you are being placed with the right Great Dane for your family. Some people have a lifestyle that is conducive to adopting a fearful or reactive dog. Others do not, and that’s ok.

    We adopted one of our Great Danes in 2019. She is the most wonderful, perfect family dog despite her past history of trauma and abuse. She is gentle and loves people, kids, and other dogs. Spend time with the dog you are wishing to adopt, and get to know them! You may find a gem (just like we did).

    Great Dane Exercise Requirements

    Great Danes may be large, but they are not as high-energy as some smaller breeds. It is a huge myth, however, that they are lazy and don’t require walks or enrichment!

    My friend Natalie and I have (between the two of us) five very health, active Great Danes. We regularly meet up so they can run together. This is the only way to truly wear them out!

    Many Great Danes participate in sports such as dock diving, lure coursing, and scent tracking too. They are smart, athletic dogs for owners who allow and encourage them to be.

    If having a couch potato for a pet is a requirement for you, we highly recommend adopting an older Great Dane (age 4-5+). It’s still VERY important to keep your new Great Dane fit and lean.

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    Preparing Your Home & Budget for a Great Dane

    Crating & Space to Live

    Great Danes need ample space to move around comfortably. Make sure your living environment can accommodate their size, and create a safe space for them to eat, sleep, and play.

    We recommend a Midwest Double Door 54″ crate for your home before your Great Dane joins your family. This crate is INSANELY large but the only size that will reliability for the solid majority of Great Danes.

    See the Midwest Double Door Crate + Crate Pad on Chewy HERE

    The use of a crate can help your new Great Dane transition to your home in a safe and comfortable way. You can use a lot of positive reinforcement to introduce your new Great Dane to a crate (if the rescue hasn’t already done it for you).

    Safety & Great Dane Proofing

    Remove any hazards or items that could be harmful to a large dog, especially one that is new to your home. Until you get to know them, do not trust that your newly adopted pet to know the rules! A timid dog may bolt out the front door, and a young dog may eat your socks.

    Here are some common dangers:

    • Counter tops. Great Danes love to ‘counter surf’ and can easily snatch food from the kitchen. Get in the habit of keeping counters clear, especially of dangerous items such as chip bags (suffocation hazard), chicken carcassas (obstruction hazzard), and grapes (toxic).
    • Cords & Remotes. Most dogs do fine with these, but young dogs may chew them (and can harm themselves doing so)
    • Doors & Exit points. Especially while your pup is new to your home, it’s very important that doors and fences are secured. This extra tall pet safety gate is a helpful item to have!
    • Socks, Underwear, & Kid’s Toys. These items may be enticing for Great Danes to chew or swallow.
    • Tennis Balls. These are too small for Great Danes and honestly, the felt is bad for their teeth anyways.
    • Slippery Floors. We recommend washable rugs for cleanliness and traction.
    • Trash Cans. Lock your trash cans up with these baby proofing locks. Great Danes love to dig in the trash and many learn how to open cabinets and doors.

    Great Dane Grooming Needs

    Despite their short coat, Great Danes do shed, so regular grooming is necessary to keep their coat healthy and reduce shedding.

    That shedding ADDS UP.

    We recommend the 5″ SLEEK EZ brush for Great Danes to reduce shedding. Never use a furminator (this tool destroys the coat by cutting the fur).

    The Bissell Bark Bath is an amazing tool that allows you to bath your Great Dane at home with minimal mess.

    A nail dremel is a must; Great Danes have huge nails and regular trimmers just don’t cut it.

    What to Feed a Great Dane

    Proper nutrition is crucial for the health of any dog, but it’s especially important for large breeds like Great Danes. Consult with your veterinarian to establish a suitable diet plan based on your dog’s age, weight, and activity level. At Hello Danes, we recommend large and giant breed foods from companies that meet WSAVA guidelines.

    For ADULTS over the age of 18-24 months:

    For PUPPIES under the age of 18-24 months:

    Check out THE GIANT DOG FOOD PROJECT to compare brands and values.

    Never feed boutique or grain-free kibbles to Great Danes, and no matter what you hear, do not feed adult maintenance foods to puppies! We cover this topic in depth on this blog, utilizing science, research, and the popular opinion of board certified veterinary nutritionists. Check out our Great Dane NUTRITION posts here.

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    Health and Veterinary Care for Great Danes

    Before you adopt a Great Dane, it’s important to consider common health issues that you and your new pet may face. Great Danes are a giant breed dog that come with, well, giant health concerns.

    Common Great Dane Health Issues

    Like many large breeds, Great Danes are prone to certain health issues, including hip dysplasia, bloat, and heart conditions. Bloat (AKA “GDV”) is a deadly emergency that affects 25-50% of Great Danes in their lifetime.

    Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to catch any potential issues early and ensure your dog’s well-being.

    Additionally, being proactive about addressing any potential health issues early on can contribute to a longer and healthier life for your Great Dane. Lumps, bumps, sores, limping, excessive drooling, panting, pacing, chronic loose stools and whining all require veterinary attention.

    Great Danes have sensitive orthopedic needs, too! You have to take care of their joints by keeping nails short and allowing them plenty of time to play freely on soft, varied terrain.

    By subscribing to best practices (feeding a quality food, having their teeth cleaned, and keeping them lean) you can save money and your pet’s health in the long run.

    Great Dane Veterinary Care Costs

    Embracing the companionship of a Great Dane undoubtedly comes with joy and warmth, but responsible ownership also involves acknowledging the financial commitment, especially when it comes to veterinary care. Simply put, veterinary care for giant breeds costs more money than it does for small breeds.

    Routine check-ups, vaccinations, and preventive measures (such as flea and tick medication or gastropexy) are essential.

    We tell Great Dane owners to anticipate roughly $1500-$2000/year in preventive veterinary medicine (vaccines, checkups, teeth cleaning, flea/tick prevention), and keeping an emergency fund of at least $3000-$5000 (average cost for a life-threatening ER visit).

    Additionally, we recommend paying for monthly veterinary health insurance (average $150-$300/month); many plans will cover prevention, emergencies, and things like cancer (which can add up FAST).

    Owning a Great Dane is absolutely expensive, and while we’d rather see a Dane in a home with no emergency fund than a Dane sitting in rescue, there is a stark reality associated with emergency veterinary care that should be considered.

    The amount it costs to get vet care for a Great Dane doesn’t include the expenses associated with food, treats, chews, toys, and beds!

    20

    The New Great Dane Shopping List

    Now that you’ve made a decision to adopt a Great Dane, and you have one picked out and ready to join your family, here is a checklist of items you may need or want! These are some of our personal favorites that we use every day with our own Great Danes!

  • How to Choose the Best WSAVA Approved Dog Food for Your Pet

    How to Choose the Best WSAVA Approved Dog Food for Your Pet

    Best WSAVA Approved Dog Food

    WSAVA is the World Small Animal Veterinary Association. It’s comprised of researchers and veterinarians from around the World, all focused on a common goal of improving animal health. Being the best WSAVA Approved Dog Food should signal a gold standard, however, there is a lot of confusion on this topic.

    WSAVA does not actually endorse, approve, or recommend any specific brand of dog food.

    Anybody who tells you otherwise is full of beans.

    However, WSAVA has published a helpful set of guidelines for pet owners to review when choosing foods. In following these guidelines, dog parents can be assured that they are choosing a quality diet that meets the highest standards of formulation, safety, and nutritional adequacy.

    Best WSAVA approved Dog food

    Understanding WSAVA Approved Dog Food

    In understanding that the WSAVA doesn’t actually approve, endorse, or recommend any specific brand of pet food, it’s essential to grasp the organization’s role in helping pet parents choose foods.

    The World Small Animal Veterinary Association sets forth common sense guidelines and standards for pet food manufacturers to follow. These things include:

    • Whether or not they employ a highly qualified nutritionist
    • Manufacturing practices, including whether the food is produced by a co-packer or made by the company selling it
    • Quality control, feeding trials and research, which indicate to pet owners that the brand is focused on nutritional health and consistency

    These standards encompass nutritional balance, research, manufacturing, and safety protocols, ensuring that the food is suitable for pets and meets their specific dietary needs. Read the WSAVA guidelines for pet foods HERE.

    Therefore, while the WSAVA itself does not pick favorites, its guidelines serve as a valuable reference point for pet owners to identify products that prioritize the health and well-being of their four-legged companions.

    What are the WSAVA Approved Dog Foods?

    As mentioned previously, no foods are actually approved or endorsed by WSAVA.

    However, if we look at the guidelines objectively, it is pretty well established in the scientific community that 5 dog food brands undeniably meet or even exceed every WSAVA recommendation.

    This means that these brands have highly qualified nutritionists on staff to formulate the diets, extensive quality control protocols, dedicated and thorough product testing in all stages of production, a database of feeding trails and published research, nutritional adaquecy statements, transparency, and owned facilities where the foods are manufactured.

    Many other brands may come close to this standard. Some meet most of them at the basic level, and only a few brands exceed them.

    Out of 1000’s of brands on the market, most actually fall short.

    These five WSAVA compliant pet food brands that both meet and then exceed every recommendation outlined by the WSAVA include:

    • Purina
    • Royal Canin
    • Hill’s Science Diet
    • Eukanuba
    • Iam’s

    Brands who claim to be WSAVA approved or WSAVA compliant

    Some brands will post pages on their website or social media indicating that they too “meet” or “comply with” WSAVA guidelines. This is quite problematic for two reasons:

    a. WSAVA recommendations for pet food are interpretive; it is up to the pet owner to interpret and verify a companies adherance, and determine how important they consider each recommendation.

    b. The companies creating pages like this are often doing so with the intent of being misleading.

    For example, many of them do not actually employ a single nutritionist. However, because at one time they hired a consultant firm to look over a recipe, they may claim that they “work with a team of nutrition specialists and veterinarians“.

    To most pet owners, that sounds great..and that’s exactly what dog food manufacturers want them to think.

    Here is what WSAVA says about qualified nutritionists:

    Is the recipe developed by an experienced pet food
    formulator (MS or PhD in Animal Nutrition), a veterinarian,
    or a pet owner/breeder/trainer?

    • Recipe development is a complex process requiring
      knowledge of nutrition, raw materials, and processing not
      taught in veterinary school programs.
    • Trained and experienced formulators may have a degree
      (MS/PhD) in food science and technology to help guide
      ingredient selection and nutrient levels for health or
      disease management.
    • An individual with Board Certification by ACVN or ECVCN
      may also be cross-trained in pet food formulation or work
      in collaboration with experienced pet food formulators to
      help guide ingredient selection and nutrient levels.

    While WSAVA doesn’t come out and blatantly say it, this recommendation speaks to the importance of choosing a food brand that has at least one qualified nutritionist on staff, who is in charge of formulating the diets.

    A qualified nutritionist would be:

    • M.S. or PhD in Animal Nutrition
    • Board Certified Veterinary Nutritionist
    13 1

    Does WSAVA Approve Pet Foods?

    WSAVA does not approve pet foods.

    There is no list of ‘WSAVA Certified’ brands, because that’s not the role WSAVA plays in this.

    It is up to you as the consumer to read the WSAVA recommendations and contact the company to see how they answer your questions.

    A great resource for this is the Pet Nutrition Alliance! They’ve put together a pet food manufacturers report with legitimate facts about almost every company possible.

    Search for your pet food brand here and see how they stack up against the brands that are known to meet and exceed WSAVA guidelinse.

    Who Funds WSAVA?

    Dog food companies that are committed to the welfare and health of pets often contribute to the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA). These contributions come in the form of financial support, sponsorships, and partnerships to assist WSAVA in its mission to establish and maintain high standards for pet nutrition.

    It’s important to note that WSAVA does not endorse specific brands or products, and its guidelines are created independently of the pet food manufacturers who contribute. However, the involvement of dog food companies in supporting WSAVA reflects a shared dedication to advancing the overall well-being of pets by promoting responsible pet nutrition practices.

    The financial support provided by dog food companies to the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) is not inherently a conflict of interest, provided that the relationship is transparent and ethical.

    It’s very important to note that ANY pet food manufacturer can contribute to science, research, and organizations like the WSAVA. Only a few do.

    The benefits of WSAVA Compliant Dog Food

    WSAVA compliant pet food offers a multitude of benefits for both pets and their owners. When you choose pet food that meets or exceeds WSAVA recommendations, you can be confident that you’re providing your pet with meal that meets the highest standards.

    This is super important, given how much intentionally misleading and dangerous, unchecked marketing goes into pet foods! It’s hard to sort out what’s actually good, from what’s being sold to us.

    The benefits of asking your pet food manufacturer to adhere to and exceed WSAVA guidelines include:

    1. Nutritional Excellence: this ensures that good pet food is formulated to meet the specific dietary needs of pets, providing balanced and complete nutrition. This means your pet is more likely to receive the essential nutrients necessary for their overall health, and that it’s been proven with comprehensive testing, research, and feeding trials.
    2. Safety Assurance: WSAVA compliant brands adhere to rigorous safety protocols, from ingredient sourcing to manufacturing processes. This can give pet owners peace of mind that the food they provide is safe for consumption.
    3. Health and Well-Being: Choosing WSAVA compliant food can contribute to your pet’s long-term health and well-being, helping to prevent diet-related health issues (such as nutritional DCM) and ensuring that your pet is thriving.
    4. Veterinarian Input: WSAVA’s guidelines are developed with the input of unbiased veterinary experts, so you can trust that the food is designed with your pet’s best interests in mind.

    Basically put, we know that WSAVA compliant pet food brands are the absolute best you can choose. Why settle for anything less?

    6

    Guidelines for Choosing WSAVA Approved Dog Food

    Determining whether a pet food meets WSAVA guidelines involves a careful review of several key factors. We recommend utilizing both a copy of the guidelines (HERE) and the Pet Nutrition Alliance Manufacturers report (HERE) to compare and contrast.

    1. Labeling: Start by examining the product’s label. WSAVA compliant pet food should clearly state that it meets AFFCO or FEDIEF nutritional guidelines, providing a complete and balanced diet suitable for your pet’s life stage and needs, and have nutritional information that is easy to find.
    2. Formulation: Does the company employ and utilize at least one highly qualified nutritionist? That’s a good sign that they are on the right track.
    3. Manufacturing Standards: Research the manufacturer and their practices. Is the food manufactured by a “partner facility” or “co-packer”, or does the company own and operate their own facilities? Do they have comprehensive testing and quality control protocols?
    4. Transparency: Reputable pet food companies often provide detailed information about their products, including the sources of ingredients and quality control measures. Transparency is a positive sign of compliance. If they make it difficult for you to obtain honest information about nutritional levels, manufacturing practices, or who formulates the food, run.
    5. Research: the best pet food companies will have ongoing dedication to science, research, and feeding trials.
    6. Consult with a Veterinarian: If in doubt, consult with a veterinarian. Veterinary professionals are well-versed in understanding WSAVA guidelines and can provide guidance on selecting compliant pet food.

    Remember that while WSAVA sets the standards, it doesn’t specifically endorse or approve brands or products. However, evaluating pet food based on these criteria can help you make informed choices that align with WSAVA’s commitment to pet health and nutrition.

    Want more information about how to choose the best food for your dog? Check out some of our popular articles below:

    Dog Food Marketing Gimmicks

    What is Ingredient Splitting

    Dr. Judy Morgan & Predatory Influencer Marketing

    Our list of WSAVA compliant dog food brands for Great Danes

    Here is our list of formulas that are both nutritionally correct for Great Danes, but also that exceed WSAVA guidelines:

    Check out THE GIANT DOG FOOD PROJECT to compare brands and values.

  • Are Mushrooms for Dogs Dangerous or Healthy?

    Are Mushrooms for Dogs Dangerous or Healthy?

    In the world of canine nutrition, certain topics tend to spark a whirlwind of controversy and misinformation. The topic of whether mushrooms are safe for dogs is no exception. It’s not uncommon to hear warnings about the “dangers of mushrooms”, leading many dog owners to avoid them altogether out of fear. However, we’re here to dispel some myths about feeding mushrooms to dogs!

    Are Mushrooms for Dogs Dangerous

    Contrary to popular belief, mushrooms can offer a range of health benefits for dogs! It’s important to approach with knowledge, though.

    Are Mushrooms for Dogs Dangerous?

    Myth number 1: All mushrooms are toxic for dogs

    All Mushrooms are Toxic for Dogs: Myth: Many people believe that all mushrooms are dangerous for dogs, which is not true. There are several safe mushroom species that dogs can consume without any harm.

    Myth number 2: Mushrooms Can Make Dogs High

    Mushrooms Can Make Dogs High: Myth: Some individuals think that giving mushrooms to dogs can cause them to become intoxicated or exhibit psychedelic behavior. In reality, most edible mushrooms won’t have this effect on dogs.

    Myth number 3: Mushrooms Will Poison Dogs Instantly

    Mushrooms Will Poison Dogs Instantly: Myth: This myth assumes that if a dog consumes any mushroom, it will result in immediate poisoning. In truth, while some mushrooms are toxic, not all of them are lethal, and the severity of reactions varies.

    Myth number 3: Cooking Makes All Mushrooms Safe for Dogs

    Cooking Makes All Mushrooms Safe for Dogs: Myth: Cooking mushrooms is thought to neutralize their toxicity for dogs. While cooking might make some toxic compounds less harmful, it doesn’t make all mushrooms safe for canine consumption.

    Are Mushrooms for Dogs Dangerous

    Myth number 4: Wild Mushrooms Are Safer Than Store-Bought

    Wild Mushrooms Are Safer Than Store-Bought: Myth: Some believe that mushrooms picked in the wild are safer for dogs than those bought in stores. In reality, many wild mushrooms are highly toxic and can be even more dangerous than cultivated ones.

    Myth number 5: Dogs Can Safely Eat Any Mushroom Their Owners Eat

    Dogs Can Safely Eat Any Mushroom Their Owners Eat: Myth: Assuming that if a mushroom is safe for humans, it must be safe for dogs. This isn’t true, as some mushrooms that are harmless to humans can be harmful to dogs due to differences in metabolism.

    Myth number 6: Mushrooms Are Only Beneficial for Specific Dog Breeds

    Mushrooms Are Only Beneficial for Specific Dog Breeds: Myth: Assuming that certain mushroom benefits only apply to certain breeds. In reality, the nutritional advantages of mushrooms can benefit dogs of all breeds and sizes.

    Myth number 7: Dogs Should Only Eat One Type of Mushroom for Optimal Health

    Dogs Should Only Eat One Type of Mushroom for Optimal Health: Myth: Thinking that feeding only one type of mushroom maximizes health benefits. A diverse mushroom intake offers a wider array of nutrients and advantages.

    Myth number 8: Mushrooms Can Not Help Cure Common Dog Ailments

    Mushrooms Can Not Cure Common Dog Ailments: Myth: Believing that mushrooms don’t possess any properties to help cure common ailments is not true! While they offer support, and aren’t a quick-fix solution, there are huge benefits to including mushrooms in your dog’s treatment plan.

    Myth number 9: Mushrooms Can Not Help Allergies in Dogs

    Mushrooms Can Not Help Allergies in Dogs: Myth: Assuming that mushrooms don’t do anything to help cure allergic reactions in dogs is not accurate. While it’s not a guaranteed solution for allergies, mushrooms contain some compounds that might help for allergies.

    Myth number 10: Mushrooms Won’t Boost My Dog’s Immune System

    Mushrooms Won’t Boost My Dog’s Immune System: Myth! Mushrooms contain many immune system boosting properties that can help your dog remain healthy and avoid illness!

    It’s crucial to dispel these myths and provide accurate information about mushrooms and their potential effects on dogs’ health. Always consult with a veterinarian before introducing any new food, including mushrooms, into your dog’s diet.

    Are Mushrooms for Dogs Dangerous

    Commonly Asked Questions About Feeding Your Dog Mushrooms

    Are Any Mushrooms Safe for Dogs to Eat?

    Are Any Mushrooms Safe for Dogs to Eat? Pet owners might wonder if there are any specific types of mushrooms that are safe for dogs to consume without causing harm.

    The answer? Yes, there are several safe mushroom species for dogs, such as white button, cremini, and shiitake mushrooms. It’s important to only offer mushrooms that are known to be non-toxic and safe for canine consumption.

    Can I Give My Dog Store-Bought Mushrooms?

    Can I Give My Dog Store-Bought Mushrooms? Concerns might arise about whether mushrooms purchased from grocery stores are safe for dogs, as well as any preparation tips.

    Answer: Yes, you can give your dog store-bought mushrooms, but it’s crucial to ensure they are safe varieties. Avoid adding any seasonings or spices, and cook them thoroughly to improve digestibility.

    What type of store-bought mushrooms should I look for? There are several safe mushroom species for dogs, such as white button, cremini, and shiitake mushrooms. It’s important to only offer mushrooms that are known to be non-toxic and safe for canine consumption.

    Buying Pet Supplements: A Safe Alternative to Store-Bought Mushrooms

    You can also buy a supplement with mushrooms in it for your pets. This makes it easier to provide your dog with the right amount of mushrooms, and you know that the types of mushrooms are safe and healthy for your dog.

    Our personal favorite brand of mushrooms for dogs is from Fera Pet Organics. You can read more about their products here.

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    USDA Organic Mushroom Blend for Immune Support

    What Health Benefits Do Mushrooms Offer Dogs?

    Mushrooms can offer a range of health benefits for dogs, including immune system support, anti-inflammatory properties, improved digestion, and contributions to overall nutrient intake.

    How Do I Identify Toxic Mushrooms?

    Identifying toxic mushrooms can be challenging, as many toxic and safe species look similar. It’s best to avoid wild mushrooms altogether and consult local resources or experts to ensure your dog’s safety.

    Are Mushroom Supplements Safe for Dogs?

    Fera Pet Mushroom Supplements can be safe for dogs when used as directed.

    These supplements are specially formulated to provide specific health benefits for pets.

    However, before adding any new supplement, including Fera Pet Mushroom Supplements, to your dog’s diet, it’s crucial to consult your veterinarian to ensure they are appropriate for your dog’s individual health needs. Your vet can provide personalized guidance on dosage and usage based on your dog’s health status.

    Are Mushrooms for Dogs Dangerous or Healthy

    Fera Pet Organics Calming Supplements for Dogs: Our Personal Deep Dive and Honest Review

    Can Mushrooms Help with My Dog’s Allergies?

    Certain mushrooms contain compounds that might help alleviate allergy symptoms in dogs. However, individual responses can vary, and it’s essential to consult your veterinarian before using mushrooms to address allergies.

    What’s the Proper Way to Introduce Mushrooms to My Dog’s Diet?

    Introduce mushrooms gradually, starting with small amounts to assess your dog’s tolerance. Cook them thoroughly to improve digestibility, and avoid adding any seasonings or spices that could be harmful.

    Are Wild Mushrooms Okay for Dogs to Eat?

    It’s highly recommended to avoid allowing dogs to consume wild mushrooms, as many wild species are toxic and can pose serious health risks. Stick to safe, cultivated mushrooms instead.

    Can Mushrooms Help My Aging Dog’s Health?

    Some mushrooms contain compounds that may support joint health, immune function, and overall well-being in aging dogs. Consulting your veterinarian about incorporating mushrooms into your senior dog’s diet is advisable.

    Are Mushrooms for Dogs Dangerous or Healthy

    Home Remedies for Arthritic Dogs: Stop the Pain and Help Your Dog Feel Better

    Always remember, the best source of information is your veterinarian, who can provide personalized guidance based on your dog’s individual needs and health status.

    The Benefits of Mushroom Supplements

    As responsible pet owners, we’re always on the lookout for ways to give our dogs the best possible care. It’s fascinating how nature’s offerings can hold hidden treasures that contribute to our furry companions’ overall well-being. Enter mushroom supplements – a rising star in the world of canine nutrition. These unassuming fungi have been garnering attention for their potential to offer a range of benefits to our dogs.


    From bolstering their immune systems and supporting joint health to providing relief from allergies and anxiety, mushroom supplements are a topic worth exploring.

    Immune System Support

    Mushroom supplements can contain immune-boosting compounds like beta-glucans, which help enhance your dog’s immune response and overall immune system health.

    Anti-Inflammatory Properties

    Many mushroom varieties have natural anti-inflammatory properties that can aid in managing conditions like arthritis and other inflammatory issues in dogs.

    Digestive Health

    Certain mushrooms are rich in prebiotics, promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria and improving digestion, leading to a healthier digestive tract for your dog.

    Allergy Relief

    Some mushroom species contain compounds that might help alleviate allergy symptoms in dogs, providing relief from itchiness, skin irritation, and other allergic reactions.

    Joint Health and Mobility

    Mushroom supplements can contribute to improved joint health and mobility, making them especially beneficial for senior dogs or those prone to joint issues.

    5 Ways to Boost Joint Health in Big Dogs

    Cancer Support

    Certain mushroom compounds have shown potential in supporting dogs with cancer by exerting anti-tumor effects and aiding in immune modulation.

    Why Are So Many Dogs Getting Cancer?

    Healthy Coat and Skin

    Mushroom supplements can contribute to a shinier coat and healthier skin by providing essential nutrients and antioxidants that promote skin health.

    free photo of small dog sitting on asphalt

    How to Know if Your Dog’s Skin Bumps are a Problem

    Antioxidant Protection

    Mushrooms are rich in antioxidants, which help combat oxidative stress and support overall cellular health in dogs.

    Stress and Anxiety Relief

    Some mushroom species contain compounds that might have calming effects on dogs, helping to alleviate stress and anxiety in certain situations.

    10 Stress Signals in Dogs: Your Dog is Begging You to Listen

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    Vitality and Well-Being

    The combined benefits of mushroom supplements contribute to your dog’s overall vitality and well-being, ensuring they lead a healthier, happier life.

    How to Choose a Mushroom Supplement for Dogs

    When it comes to selecting a mushroom supplement for your dog, making an informed choice is essential to ensure your furry friend’s health and well-being.

    To navigate the sea of options, start by looking for products that are specifically formulated for pets.

    Sourcing and Ingredients that are High Quality

    Opt for supplements made from high-quality, organic mushrooms sourced from reputable suppliers. It’s important to choose supplements that utilize the fruiting bodies of mushrooms, as they contain the most beneficial compounds like Beta glucans.

    Transparency in Labels

    Check for transparency in labeling, including information about the specific mushroom species included in the supplement.

    Tested for Purity and Potency

    Prioritize supplements that have been tested for purity and potency, with clear documentation of their beta glucan levels.

    Consult with Your Veterinarian or Choose Veterinarian Approved Supplements

    Finally, consult your veterinarian before introducing any new supplement into your dog’s diet to ensure it aligns with their individual health needs and conditions. By taking these steps, you’ll be well on your way to selecting a mushroom supplement that can offer genuine health benefits to your dog.

    Are Mushrooms for Dogs Dangerous or Healthy

    Fera Pet USDA Organic Mushrooms for Immune Support

    We all know the age-old saying, “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.” That’s precisely why we’ve introduced our dogs to USDA Organic Mushroom Blend for Immune Support.

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    Just as we take supplements to maintain our health, our pets deserve the same care and attention. This blend of organic mushrooms has been meticulously crafted to fortify immune system function and response in dogs.

    But the benefits don’t stop there – these magical mushrooms also contribute to brain health, cardiovascular function, digestive wellness, and blood sugar level normalization.

    Fruiting Bodies

    In the world of mushroom supplements, the term “fruting bodies” holds significant importance.

    Fruiting bodies are the visible, above-ground part of the mushroom that we commonly recognize as the cap and stem. They are the reproductive structures of the mushroom, where spores are produced and released to propagate new fungi. Why does this matter? Well, when it comes to the nutritional benefits of mushrooms, fruiting bodies are where the magic happens. They contain the highest concentration of bioactive compounds, including Beta glucans, which play a crucial role in supporting the immune system.

    FRA Mushroom Mycelium Mushroom 02 min

    https://www.ferapetorganics.com/products/usda-organic-mushroom-blend-for-immune-support

    In mushroom supplements like the USDA Organic Mushroom Blend for Immune Support, sourcing from fruiting bodies is vital to ensure optimal efficacy. These fruiting bodies house a treasure trove of nutrients and bioactive molecules that contribute to the health benefits attributed to mushrooms. Unlike mycelium-based products, which are composed of the fungal network below the soil, fruiting bodies are rich in compounds that directly influence immune modulation, anti-inflammatory properties, and overall well-being.

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    By choosing mushroom supplements that are sourced from 100% fruiting bodies, like Fera’s immune support blend, you’re ensuring that your pet receives the highest quality and most potent form of these remarkable fungi. These fruiting bodies contain the Beta glucans that play a pivotal role in enhancing your pet’s immune system function. So, when selecting a mushroom supplement for your beloved furry friend, remember that the source of the mushrooms matters – and fruiting bodies are where the true magic resides.

    Unveiling the Power of β-Glucan in Mushroom Supplements

    When delving into the realm of mushroom supplements, one term that stands out for its significance is “β-Glucan.” This seemingly complex term holds the key to unlocking the remarkable benefits that mushrooms offer, especially in terms of immune support. β-Glucan is a type of polysaccharide, a complex sugar molecule, that plays a pivotal role in bolstering immune responses.

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    In the context of mushroom supplements like our USDA Organic Mushroom Blend for Immune Support, β-Glucan is the star player that contributes to their immune-boosting prowess. Research reveals that β-Glucan is a potent stimulator of the immune system, effectively enhancing the body’s defense mechanisms. But that’s not all – some studies even suggest that β-Glucan might possess properties that could aid in the fight against cancer.

    https://www.ferapetorganics.com/products/usda-organic-mushroom-blend-for-immune-support

    Fera Pet Mushrooms

    However, here’s where the story gets interesting: not all mushrooms contain ample levels of β-Glucan. This is where the choice of mushrooms and sourcing becomes critical. At Fera, they leave no room for uncertainty. Their mushrooms undergo rigorous testing to measure their β-Glucan levels, ensuring that each jar of their immune support blend is brimming with the efficacy and quality you can trust.

    So, when you choose a mushroom supplement, consider the presence of β-Glucan as a vital factor. This powerful component serves as a bridge between nature’s gifts and your pet’s well-being, ensuring they receive the immune-boosting benefits that mushrooms uniquely offer.

    Making a Decision: Dangerous or Desirable?

    As we wrap up our exploration into the world of mushroom supplements, it’s clear that these unassuming fungi hold a treasure trove of benefits for our beloved furry companions.

    From immune system support to brain health, cardiovascular function, and more, the potential advantages of mushroom supplements are as diverse as the canine companions they’re designed to enhance.

    By understanding the importance of factors like fruiting bodies and β-Glucan content, you’re equipped to make informed choices that contribute to your pet’s well-being. Remember, just as we strive to maintain our health, our pets deserve the same level of care and attention.

    By introducing USDA Organic Mushroom Blend for Immune Support into their routine, you’re not only embracing the power of nature’s bounty but also investing in the vitality and longevity of your cherished four-legged friend. With each scoop of this potent blend, you’re nurturing a healthier, happier, and more vibrant life for your pet – a true testament to the wonders that the world of mushrooms can bring to our pets’ lives.

  • Is Pumpkin Good for Dogs

    Is Pumpkin Good for Dogs

    I would love to share with you some amazing insights about how pumpkin can positively impact your dog’s health. Did you know that pumpkin has countless benefits when included in your dog’s diet?

    Here are five simple facts to make you a believer:

    1. Promoting Digestive Health: How Pumpkin Aids in Canine Digestion
    2. Weight Management Wonder: Pumpkin as a Low-Calorie Doggy Delight
    3. Canine Bowel Regularity: Pumpkin’s Role in Promoting Healthy Stools
    4. Boosting Immunity and Vitality: The Immune-Boosting Properties of Pumpkin for Dogs
    5. Soothing Skin and Coat Health: Pumpkin’s Role in Nurturing Canine Skin and Fur

    Let’s jump in to more specifics of why you should be giving your dog pumpkin, how to choose the right pumpkin supplement, what to avoid, and more. 

    Health Benefits of Pumpkin for Dogs: Exploring the Nutritional Powerhouse of Pumpkin for Canines

    Health Benefits of Pumpkin for Dogs
    Benefits of Pumpkin for Dogs

    Pumpkin, a powerful and nutrient-rich fruit, is not just limited to human consumption. In fact, it is a natural remedy that is highly beneficial for dogs too. Packed with essential vitamins, minerals, and fiber, it is an excellent additive to your dog’s diet. 

    Feeding pumpkin to your furry friend can help regulate their digestive system and aid in weight management. Due to its high fiber content, it can bulk up their stool and prevent diarrhea. Being low in calories and high in nutrients, it is an ideal supplement for overweight dogs. It can also improve their skin and coat health, as well as boost their immune system. 

    Pumpkin seeds are also rich in omega-3 fatty acids, zinc, and antioxidants, making them an excellent addition to your dog’s diet. To reap the benefits of pumpkin for your canine companion, simply add it to their meals or give them a few pumpkin treats.

    1. Promoting Digestive Health: How Pumpkin Aids in Canine Digestion

    Pumpkin is not only a tasty treat for dogs but a nutritious and flavorful supplement for them as well.

    Did you know that pumpkin can also aid in your dog’s digestive health? With its rich fiber and moisture content, pumpkin has the potential to relieve both constipation and diarrhea.

    What foods are best for a dog with an upset stomach? Find out here.

    Additionally, pumpkin is beneficial for weight management as its fiber can provide a sense of fullness and slow down digestion. 

    Vitamins and Minerals to Support Healthy Poops

    Pumpkin is also packed with vitamins and minerals such as vitamin A and potassium, which can help support your pup’s overall health. 

    You do, however, want to make sure that you choose the correct form of pumpkin which includes the correct balance of vitamins and nutrients!  We will discuss more about that later!

    Health Benefits of Pumpkin for Dogs


    2. Weight Management Wonder: Pumpkin as a Low-Calorie Doggy Delight

    If your dog needs to lose weight, you can look no further than pumpkin to provide them with a nutrient-filled snack that also may help promote weight loss!

    Pumpkin can be a wonder when it comes to weight management. Not only is it low in calories, but it also contains fiber which can help to promote feelings of fullness.

    Also, some people like to make special snacks like frozen popsicles for their dogs, made with pumpkin! Check out this article by Rover, which shows how to make these amazing Pup-sicles out of pumpkin!

    Health Benefits of Pumpkin for Dogs

    3. Canine Bowel Regularity: Pumpkin’s Role in Promoting Healthy Stools

    Our dog’s bowel movements can be a big problem if they aren’t in a healthy place. Ensuring that our dogs have healthy stools is important for their overall health and happiness (as well as ours!).

    Did you know that pumpkins can play a vital role in promoting and maintaining healthy bowel regularity in dogs? Pumpkin is rich in fiber and helps to aid in digestion.

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    Additionally, its high water content can lower the risk of constipation. Furthermore, pumpkin seeds contain essential fatty acids and antioxidants, which can help to promote consistent stools. No more diarrhea from your dog!

    4. Boosting Immunity and Vitality: The Immune-Boosting Properties of Pumpkin for Dogs

    Health Benefits of Pumpkin for Dogs

    Pumpkin is a superfood that is loaded with essential nutrients such as fiber, vitamins, and minerals that are crucial for maintaining your dog’s health and wellness. But what makes pumpkin stand out is its immune-boosting properties, which can help keep your dog healthy and active.

    Antioxidants and Phytonutrients

    The antioxidants and phytonutrients found in pumpkin can play a vital role in strengthening your dog’s immune system, helping to prevent infections, diseases, and allergies.

    Carotenoids

    Pumpkin also contains carotenoids, which are powerful antioxidants that help protect cells from free radical damage that can lead to serious illnesses.

    Zinc and Vitamin E

    Furthermore, pumpkin is a great natural source of zinc and vitamin E, two nutrients that are vital for maintaining healthy skin, coat, and eyes.

    It’s a versatile ingredient that can be added to their meals in a variety of ways, from powder to canned pumpkin.

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    5. Nurturing Skin and Coat Health: Pumpkin’s Essential Nutrients for a Glossy Coat and Happy Skin

    Pumpkin, being an immensely nutrient-dense fruit, is a great choice for people looking to maintain their pets’ skin and coat health.

    Rich in Healing Vitamins

    It is rich in vitamins A, C, and E, which are all known for their antioxidant properties that help in protecting the skin from harmful free radicals. This colorful gourd also has a good amount of zinc and iron, which play a vital role in giving your pet’s coat and skin that healthy-looking glow.

    Fatty Acids

    Moreover, pumpkin is a great source of essential fatty acids, which are essential for maintaining proper skin health. These fatty acids play a crucial role in the proper functioning of the skin membrane, which helps in retaining moisture, improving elasticity, and fighting off inflammation.

    By adding a bit of pumpkin to your pet’s diet, you can ensure that they receive all the essential nutrients that they need to maintain healthy skin and coat. 

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    What to Look for in Your Dog’s Pumpkin Supplement

    When searching for a suitable pumpkin supplement, it’s essential to keep a few key factors in mind.

    1. Firstly, opt for a high-quality supplement that uses 100% pure pumpkin without any additives, fillers, or artificial ingredients.
    2. Look for products that specifically state “pumpkin” as the primary ingredient to ensure your dog receives the maximum nutritional benefits.
    3. Additionally, consider the form of the supplement – whether it’s canned, powdered, puree, or freeze-dried. Each form has its advantages, such as convenience, texture preference, or longer shelf life.
    4. Furthermore, check for a reputable brand that follows strict quality control measures and has positive customer reviews.
    5. Lastly, consult with your veterinarian to ensure the pumpkin supplement is appropriate for your dog’s specific health needs and to determine the appropriate dosage based on their size and condition.

    Fera Pet Powdered Pumpkin Supplement

    Fera Pet Supplements are high quality, and when we saw they were coming out with a powdered Pumpkin, we were thrilled.

    Let’s face it—dealing with our pets’ digestive issues can be a real challenge. Loose stools, constipation, and irregularity not only make our furry friends uncomfortable but also give us pet parents a hard time. That’s why I was so happy to discover Pumpkin Plus, a fiber supplement that promises to keep our pets’ digestive systems in tip-top shape. After trying it out with my own dogs, I’m excited to share my review of this incredible product.

    Unique Ingredients

    One of the standout features of Pumpkin Plus is its unique blend of eight organic ingredients derived from natural high-fiber sources. With a powerful combination of pumpkin seed, coconut fiber, apple fiber, and ginger, this supplement is designed to tackle a range of digestive issues and promote regularity. It’s like a superhero for your pet’s tummy!

    Ample Fiber

    The ample fiber content in Pumpkin Plus ensures smooth and consistent bowel movements, putting an end to loose stools and constipation woes. No more worrying about accidents or messy clean-ups—it’s a relief for both pet and parent. But the benefits don’t stop there! This fantastic supplement also aids in soothing upset stomachs, providing much-needed comfort to our furry friends during times of digestive distress. Plus, it even helps address those pesky anal gland issues that can cause discomfort for our pets.

    Organic Ingredients

    I appreciate that Pumpkin Plus is made with organic ingredients, giving me peace of mind knowing I’m giving my pet a natural and safe solution. It’s evident that the makers of Pumpkin Plus have put careful thought into crafting a supplement that addresses the specific needs of our pets’ digestive health.

    High-Quality Ingredients in Pumpkin Powder

    Screenshot 2023 06 13 at 11.53.11 AM min

    In the supplement above, called Fera Pet Pumpkin Fiber Supplement​, you can see that pumpkin is the primary ingredient! Not only that, it is organic and includes pumpkin seeds, which will provide additional fiber and vitamins. 

    Organic Gum Arabic

    Next, you notice that the powder includes Organic Gum Arabic. “Acacia gum is a texturing and water-retention agent, a natural source of fiber, and a processing aid in pet food.” So, Organic Gum Arabic is a safe processing aid that also helps to add a bit of fiber!

    Organic Coconut

    The next ingredient is organic coconut!  “Coconut is packed with antioxidants to support the immune system. It also helps the body form a healthy response to foreign microbes. This means coconut provides the body with an extra defense against bad bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi.” (The AKC)

    Screenshot 2023 06 13 at 11.51.18 AM min


    Organic Flax Seed

    Flaxseed, a superfood for both humans and animals, is an excellent addition to your furry friend’s diet! This tiny seed is packed with essential nutrients that aid in maintaining your dog’s overall health and well-being. In addition to providing much-needed nourishment, flaxseed has been known to help promote luscious, shiny hair coats in dogs, leaving their skin healthy and supple.

    One of the primary reasons for adding flaxseed to your dog’s diet is because it contains a plethora of vital nutrients, including high amounts of omega fatty acids. These fatty acids, particularly omega-6 fatty acid (also known as Linoleic Acid), are essential for supporting various functions in your dog’s body, including cognitive health, immune function, and healthy skin and coat. By incorporating flaxseed into your dog’s diet, you’re providing them with a range of crucial nutrients that will keep them feeling and looking their very best!

    Organic Apple Fiber

    Including apple fiber as an additional ingredient in your dog’s pumpkin supplement can offer several notable benefits to their overall health and well-being. Apple fiber is rich in soluble and insoluble fibers, which can help support your dog’s digestive system. The soluble fibers aid in maintaining healthy bowel movements and can alleviate constipation or diarrhea by regulating the absorption of water in the digestive tract. On the other hand, insoluble fibers add bulk to the stool, promoting regularity and preventing digestive issues like constipation.

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    Organic Inulin (Jerusalem Artichoke)

    Jerusalem artichokes contain copious amounts of both soluble and insoluble fiber, making the veggie wonderful for your pup’s digestion. This root veggie is not high in vitamins but has a moderate amount of minerals like potassium and iron. 

    Organic Ginger Root

    Ginger has been known as a digestive aid for many years and has been proven to help with stomach upset and nausea.

    The potential benefits of ginger do not end there, however, as it has been discovered to have various health benefits that extend beyond digestive health.

    Ginger has anti-inflammatory properties and is rich in antioxidants that can help eliminate free radicals in the body, improve heart health, and even prevent cancer for your dog. 

    How to Use Pumpkin Plus

    Screenshot 2023 06 13 at 11.53.18 AM min 1

    Using Pumpkin Plus is simple and straightforward, making it a convenient addition to your pet’s routine. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to use Pumpkin Plus effectively:

    Determine the appropriate dosage

    Consult the product packaging or your veterinarian to determine the recommended dosage based on your pet’s weight and specific needs. It’s essential to follow the instructions carefully to ensure optimal results.

    Introduce gradually

    If your pet is new to Pumpkin Plus or any dietary supplement, it’s advisable to introduce it gradually to avoid any sudden changes in their digestive system. Start with a small amount and gradually increase it over a few days until you reach the recommended dosage.

    Mixing options

    Pumpkin Plus can be mixed with your pet’s regular food or served as a standalone treat, depending on their preference. You can either mix the recommended amount of Pumpkin Plus directly into their meals or offer it separately as a tasty reward.

    Monitor your pet’s response

    Pay attention to how your pet responds to Pumpkin Plus. Observe any changes in their bowel movements, overall digestion, and general well-being. If you notice any unusual reactions or concerns, it’s best to consult your veterinarian for guidance.

    Stay consistent

    For the best results, maintain a consistent schedule of using Pumpkin Plus. Incorporate it into your pet’s daily routine, ensuring they receive the benefits of the supplement consistently over time.

    Store properly

    Store Pumpkin Plus according to the instructions provided on the packaging. Most supplements should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.

    Should You Use Pumpkin for Your Dog?

    In conclusion, Pumpkin Plus is a game-changer when it comes to promoting a happy and regular digestive system for our furry friends. With its unique blend of organic ingredients derived from natural high-fiber sources, including pumpkin seed, coconut fiber, apple fiber, and ginger, this supplement provides a powerful solution for a range of digestive issues. By incorporating Pumpkin Plus into your pet’s routine, you can say goodbye to loose stools, constipation, and irregularity, and welcome a healthier and more comfortable digestive system.

    What sets Pumpkin Plus apart is its ease of use. Simply follow the recommended dosage based on your pet’s weight and needs, gradually introduce it into their diet, and monitor their response. Whether you choose to mix it with their regular food or offer it as a standalone treat, Pumpkin Plus is a convenient addition to your pet’s daily routine.

    With the consistent use of Pumpkin Plus, you can enjoy the peace of mind that comes from knowing you’re providing your pet with a natural and safe solution. No more worrying about accidents or messy clean-ups. Instead, you’ll witness the joy and relief of a pet with a happy tummy, free from digestive discomfort.

    If you’re ready to make a positive change in your pet’s digestive health, give Pumpkin Plus a try. Experience the transformative benefits it offers and enjoy a happier, healthier pet. Your furry friend will thank you for the relief and well-being that Pumpkin Plus brings into their life.

  • Can Puppies Eat Adult Dog Food? The Scary Truth of Feeding a Great Dane Puppy

    Can Puppies Eat Adult Dog Food? The Scary Truth of Feeding a Great Dane Puppy

    Feeding Great Dane puppies is no easy task. They eat a lot, and there is a ton of misinformation and outdated advice out there about what to feed them!

    Great Dane puppy owners are bombarded with a million ideas of what is ‘best’ for growing Great Dane puppies.

    Home cooked diets, raw diets, grain free food, or even adult dog food…. What the heck SHOULD your Great Dane puppy eat?

    We’re digging into the science of Great Dane puppy nutrition and bringing you current advice about feeding puppy vs. adult food to your puppy.

    1. Why feeding adult food to Great Dane puppies is an outdated practice
    2. How to choose the right food for your Great Dane
    3. The research behind pet nutrition
    1 2

    Should Great Dane Puppies Eat Adult Dog Food?

    We’ve all heard it.

    You’re minding your own business in the Great Dane facebook group, chatting happily with other loving pet owners, sharing cute pictures and talking about your love of large breed dogs when someone decides to talk with you about your puppy’s diet.

    “Never feed puppy food!”

    “Feed low protein adult food ONLY”

    “Puppy food causes knuckling”

    …If you’ve heard dog owners give this speech about your large breed dog-

    they….

    are…

    wrong…

    Large Breed Puppies and Science Development

    Historically, (think 15+ years ago) dog food brands were lacking in their research on large breed puppy food.

    In result, giant breed dogs were typically fed adult food rather than the puppy food brands on the market, which were unsuitable for growing giant breeds.

    In other words, those who had to feed a Great Dane puppy historically were ‘stuck’ without giant breed specific formulas, and thus resorted to feeding their dane puppies adult food in order to get as close as possible to the nutrient requirements for growing Great Danes.

    Giant Breed Puppies Suffer When Great Dane Owners Don’t Know How to Feed a Growing Large Breed

    Sadly, many Great Dane puppies are experiencing the consequences of outdated advice to feed them “adult only” dog food. These pups tend to be lanky and suffer from chronic loose stools due to overeating in an attempt to make up for nutritional deficiencies – resulting in a lack of proper muscle development.

    But…..

    But, in more recent years, there have been an incredible advancement in the research and development of large breed puppy food.

    As a result, there are now numerous dog food brands (especially science-based and veterinarian formulated kibble brands) that are offering formulas specifically designed for giant breeds.

    These formulations contain the right balance of protein, fat, calcium and phosphorus to promote controlled growth rates in Great Dane puppies.

    So……

    So, when you hear someone tell you to feed your Great Dane puppy adult dog food, keep in mind that this is an outdated way of thinking.

    If you are looking for the best food for your Great Dane puppy, there are many options on the market specifically designed to meet the needs of giant breed puppies.

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    Great Dane Breeders

    Many large breed breeders who have been producing dane puppies for generations are ‘stuck’ in a mindset of feeding Great Dane puppies adult dog food due to the lack of them keeping up with the research in large breed puppy diets.

    If you are buying a Great Dane puppy from an experienced breeder, they should suggest you feed a large breed puppy food, and explain why.

    If they don’t- you may want to reconsider the breeder you are considering and look for someone who is more up-to-date on nutrition and breeding large breed puppies responsibly.

    Giant Breeds, Great Danes and Their Unique Need for Large Breed Food

    Great Dane pups need Great Dane puppy food! Do not feed your Great Dane pup adult food.

    With its impressive size, Great Dane puppies require special nourishment to reach their full potential – feed them a large or giant breed puppy food until they turn 18-24 months old and watch as they grow into magnificent adult dogs!

    Here are our favorites:

    Check out THE GIANT DOG FOOD PROJECT to compare brands and values.

    Giant Breed Growth: Why It Matters to Feed Great Dane Puppy Food

    It matters that you, as your Great Dane puppy’s guardian, are aware of the importance of feeding a large breed puppy food.

    This type of kibble is formulated to provide the proper levels of calcium and phosphorus for controlled growth, as well as adequate protein and fat levels for muscle development.

    Feeding your Great Dane puppy adult dog food will cause them a lack of important nutrients, leading to health complications as an adult due to their fast rate of growth.

    By making sure your Great Dane pup is getting the right nutrition from the start, you will be helping them grow into a healthy and happy dog in adulthood.

    What to Look For in a Great Dane Puppy Food

    AAFCO

    AAFCO is a term you’ll see on your bag of puppy food- this stands for the Association of American Feed Control Officials. This organization sets standards and regulations for pet food in the US, so a bag with an AAFCO stamp will ensure that the product is safe and balanced to feed your pup.

    Having an ‘AAFCO approved’ label is not enough to ensure your pup’s food has everything they need. Modern puppy formulas are extra special; with nutrients that have been carefully crafted to promote even bone and joint development, as well as improved muscle tone, vision health, gut function and mental clarity!

    Having said that, by seeing the AAFCO statement, you can discover key insights on a dog food label that will help determine if it meets your pup’s nutritional needs.

    Feed a Great Dane Quality Proteins

    High-quality proteins should come from animal sources like chicken, beef or salmon meal.

    Despite misconceptions, Great Danes need more protein in their diets than one might think! A lack of sufficient levels of this essential nutrient can put a damper on muscle growth and energy output. A common myth in the Great Dane world is that Great Danes will wither or knuckle on a diet that has too much protein. This is false!

    Fats

    Fats are necessary for brain development in puppies, so make sure the food also contains high-quality fats.

    Omega fatty acids and other antioxidants will help ensure optimum health for your giant puppy as he grows into an adult Great Dane.

    Feeding the correct diet to your Great Dane puppy is one of the most important decisions you can make for their long-term health and wellbeing.

    Here is the list of best puppy food for Great Danes:

    Home Cooking

    Home cooking meals for your dog means taking ‘human grade’ food such as fresh meat, vegetables and grains then preparing them in a way that your pup will be able to digest.

    This is an excellent option for people who want to ensure their pet is eating only wholesome ingredients and foods that are tailored to their individual needs. It does however require some research and education on the part of the owner, as meals can VERY EASILY become unbalanced. We do NOT support home cooking unless you are working with a board certified veterinary nutritionist.

    Finding a Board Certified Veterinary Nutritionist

    All canine nutritionist are not made equal. An inexperienced nutritionist may give advice that is not balanced or appropriate for your pet. To ensure you are getting the best help possible, it is strongly recommended to search for a Board Certified Veterinary Nutritionist (DACVN).

    A veterinary nutritionist has specific expertise in canine nutrition and will be able to make dietary recommendations tailored to your individual dog’s needs.

    When selecting a food for your Great Dane it is important to review the nutritional information on the label, speak with your veterinarian and/or board certified veterinary nutritionist, and consider the reviews of other owners who have used the same product with their large breed pup. With so much choice available it can be difficult to know what is best for your Great Dane, but a good quality food that provides optimum nutrition will be worth the time and effort!

    The right diet for your Great Dane puppy is essential for their long-term health. Feeding them with a high-quality large breed puppy formula with plenty of protein, carbohydrates, fats and minerals.

    Red Flags to Look for When Feeding Your Great Dane Puppy

    Being aware of red flags when feeding your Great Dane puppy can be the difference between a healthy, happy pup and one that experiences health issues.

    Food For ‘Adult Maintenance’ Does Not Work for Great Danes

    Two decades ago, Great Dane puppies faced a unique challenge – finding the right food to ensure they stayed healthy and strong. Fortunately today, there is an expansive range of special formulas that make sure these pooches get all the nutrients needed for optimal growth!

    With today’s incredible progress in nutrition, puppy food is specially designed to support a pup’s growth and nourish them from head-to-tail! It helps promote healthy bones & joints as well as muscle strength, vision, digestive system development and cognitive capacity.

    Companies That Tell You “Meat Meals are Evil”

    Companies that tell you that meat meal is evil are often wrong. Meat meal can be an excellent source of protein and other vitamins & minerals that are perfect for your Great Dane puppy’s growth.

    Meat meal, after all, contains significantly less water and therefore animal protein than fresh meat and is cooked & dehydrated which increases the concentration of nutrients. In general, high-quality meat meals contain more protein compared to fresh meats, as well as higher concentrations of other micronutrients like iron and zinc.

    MEAT MEAL + MEAT BY-PRODUCT MEAL TO REDUCE BLOAT

    Meat meals are a nutrient-dense, high-protein, dehydrated form of organ meats and muscle, skin, and cartilage tissue that has been shown in studies to reduce the risk of bloat.

    Bloat is a common problem with Great Danes, and when fed the right kind of meat meal blend, it can help reduce the risk. Meat meals such as chicken meal, lamb meal or turkey meal are often combined with meat by-product meals to provide your pup with a nutritious and balanced diet that will keep them healthy and strong for years to come.

    By-Products are a key to keeping your Great Dane healthy and energized! These often misunderstood ingredients, such as liver, bone marrow & cartilage actually provide essential nutrition like protein and minerals. So don’t hesitate: add some by product meal into the mix next time you feed Fido – it’s one of the healthiest gifts you can give them!

    When it comes to keeping your pup at its peak health, animal byproducts provide the perfect nutritional balance. Moreover, going beyond just parts of an animal and utilizing all sources available is a forward-thinking approach that shows care for our ethical values, financial wallets as well as environmental impact.

    Plain meats such as chicken might not provide the same nutritional benefit you would expect. After all, it’s mostly water! To truly receive optimal nutrition for your pet, consider going with meat meals instead – they are much richer in essential vitamins and minerals than muscle meat is.

    Pet parents everywhere are being duped by deceptive marketing of ‘fresh meat in kibble’, but it doesn’t have to be this way. Let’s upgrade the pet food story and give our furry friends better nutrition!

    Ingredient Splitting

    Big brands are getting crafty when it comes to disguising unhealthy ingredients in their products. Through ingenious ingredient splitting, they can sneak additives past unsuspecting consumers – even though these substances may be detrimental both health-wise and financially. Be sure to read labels carefully!

    What’s in our pet’s food? The ingredients list can give us a glimpse into how nutritious the dish is. Fresh meat may be deemed high quality, but once water evaporates during production of kibble there isn’t much left – simply an illusion to its original state!

    Despite their flashy appearance, consumers should be wary of foods with ingredients like spinach and blueberries – they may just be marketed as a healthier alternative to real meats that truly contain the necessary proteins.

    Read more here.

    The Food is Not Formulated by a Professional

    Exciting news for owners of large-breed puppies! Companies like Purina, Hill’s and Royal Canin have dedicated resources to uncover the nutritional needs required by giant pooches such as mastiffs and Great Danes. Soon these canine specialists may be able to provide tailored nutrition plans that will help ensure healthy growth – no matter how big your pup is!

    Grain Free Dog Food

    Should you feed your dog grain free dog food?

    Many dogs know nothing better than the delicious crunch of kibbles, providing them with tasty sustenance day in and day out!

    Every pup knows their daily dose of kibble to stay nourished, but its crunchy goodness doesn’t last long without an additional starch! Grain-inclusive varieties provide the perfect combination; keep your furry friend’s diet complete and healthy with a hearty helping of starches like rice or oats.

    And, without an added starch, the kibble would fall apart!

    However, some (most/all) companies are using an alternative ‘binder’ in their grain free formulas: peas and lentils. This poses a MASSIVE issue.

    Grain Free and DCM (Heart Disease)

    Many wonder if grain free dog food causes DCM in dogs.

    Well, a study released in December of 2022 states that diet is indeed a risk factor for canine dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). So, if your pup is on a grain free diet, you should consult with your vet to consider changing their food regimen.

    But- it’s not because of the lack of grain!

    Believe it or not, some of the food you may be feeding your beloved four-legged companion could potentially put them at risk for developing heart disease.

    What to Avoid

    Pulse ingredients may include:

    • Peas
    • Garbanzo beans/chickpeas
    • Lentils
    • Potatoes
    • Sweet potatoes
    • Beans

    The Calcium and Phosphorus Ratio is Not Appropriate for Great Dane Feeding

    Not all dog breeds require an exact ratio of calcium and phosphorus in the same way that Great Danes do.

    Too much or an uneven balance of Calcium and Phosphorus can cause serious health issues in our four-legged friends, ranging from trembling to bone diseases. This can lead to them being unable to walk properly or have weakened bones – ouch! Keep these vital nutrients balanced for your pet’s wellbeing.

    Recalls

    Most people wither and fear the dreaded recall.

    But are recalls really that bad?

    A recall means that a product has been identified as potentially harmful to your pet. It is important that you check with the manufacturer regularly and be aware of any recalls for the products you are feeding your pup!

    It is also essential to stop using a food immediately if it has been recalled. Even if your dog hasn’t displayed any symptoms, it’s better to be safe than sorry.

    An Ethical Brand Will Recall Their Food

    The truth of the matter is all brands will have bad batches of food.

    However, which brands choose to inform you of those bad batches is the difference between an ethical and an unethical brand.

    An ethical pet food company will issue a recall as soon as they are aware of any potential problems with their products, as well as provide assistance to anyone who has been affected. They understand the importance of maintaining their customer’s trust and strive to do right by them every time.

    It is alarming to discover brands that refuse to recall their foods from consumers, even after becoming aware of harmful outbreaks.

    Darwins Refuses to Recall Their Pet Food After Salmonella Outbreak

    Victor Foods Unprecedented Recall

    FEEDING A GREAT DANE PUPPY

    Feeding a Great Dane consists of finding a high quality puppy food, becoming knowledgeable on puppy foods, and speaking with your vet about all their is to know about large breeds and their needs.

    Feeding your Great Dane does not need to be a difficult task. With the right knowledge and understanding, you can provide your pup with a nutritious diet that will keep them healthy and happy for years to come!

    It is important to ensure your dog’s food is being sourced from an ethical brand, as well as being aware of any potential recalls which could pose a risk to your pet’s health. Additionally, it is essential to maintain an appropriate calcium and phosphorus ratio in order to avoid any negative health consequences.

    By doing your research and following the guidelines set by experts, you can rest assured that your pup’s diet will be tailored to their needs!

    It is also important to remember that not all grain free diets are bad for your pup, but it is essential to do your research and understand the ingredients. Additionally, it is important to check in with your vet about any potential dietary changes for your pet- especially if they are at risk of developing DCM.

    Let us know in the comments what you feed your Great Dane puppy!

    READ MORE:

    New Great Dane Puppy? This Guide is For You!
    Blue Great Danes – Facts, Photos, and Care
    The Best Collars for Great Danes
    Great Dane Puppy Food
    Great Dane Farts: The Funniest Collection of Photos and Videos on the Internet
    Great Dane Not Eating – What to Do

  • 5 Controversial Ways I Raise my Danes

    5 Controversial Ways I Raise my Danes

    When I met my friend Natalie (we have littermates and started this blog together), I was a noisy card-carrying member of the ‘force-free’ dog training club. Both of us were anti-Purina and hated ‘big kibble’, too. I disliked breeders and believed only in rescue. Prong collars and E-Collars? NEVER.

    Together, we wanted our blog to be rooted in ethics, not to mention current research, science, and methods.

    What surprised me was learning just how much my mind began to change as I researched and shared information from legitimate scientific sources. The more studies I read and the more I learned, the farther I strayed from those original ideas I had about training, food, and breeding.

    I have since revoked my membership to the force-free, kibble-hating, breeder-hating dog club.

    As a science-backed blogger and dog advocate, here are 5 CONTROVERSIAL ways I raise my Danes. From nutrition to training, to E-Collars, I’m sharing it all!

    20

    We Don’t Rest After Meals

    In the Great Dane community, it’s long been cited that resting before or after meals would prevent bloat.

    (Bloat is a deadly condition in large and giant breed dogs where their stomach fills up with gas, fluid, or air. If the stomach flips, the prognosis is grim. This condition is often sudden and may result in death, quickly. There is no known trigger. However, there are known risk factors including genetics, unstable temperaments, and poor gut health).

    However, during THIS STUDY at Tufts University, researchers found absolutely no correlation between exercise and bloat. The study indicated that most cases of bloat happen to dogs that are resting, not moving!

    There was no correlation of bloat risk to exercise before or after eating, as most dogs bloated in the middle of the night with an empty, gas-filled stomach.

    Tufts University Bloat Study

    This is not to say that rest will kill a Great Dane. But we need to stop villifying movement and food, too.

    There has never been a single study proving that movement caused bloat in dogs or that rest was a legitimate way to keep it from happening. As a matter of fact, bloat rates have increased dramatically in the last 30+ years despite ‘resting’ being cited as a preventative.

    I hate to break it to you, but it’s not working.

    While it may be smart to take it easy after meals to prevent indigestion or stretching the stomach ligaments out (which CAN lead to an increased risk of bloat over time), movement itself is not likely to be a trigger.

    I don’t believe in the false sense of security that this old-school, outdated advice provides.

    4 1

    I Use a Prong Collar

    Prong collars look awful. They are metal and pokey, which makes people assume that they work by being extremely painful.

    Here is the actual reality:

    A properly fit, high-quality Herm Sprenger prong collar is less aversive, less frustrating, and more humane than a front clip harness, “Gentle Leader”, or never getting to go out because of dangerous pulling and lunging behavior.

    Why is this? Prong collars are built to distribute pressure evenly around the neck. This pressure does not hurt or pinch, but it is uncomfortable.

    Coincidentally, the pressure from front-clip “no-pull” harnesses and “gentle leaders” is uncomfortable too. That’s why they work. The difference here is that the prong collar doesn’t rely on restricting movement.

    “No-Pull” harnesses restrict shoulder movement and alter the dog’s gait, causing potential damage and pain to the front assembly and joints. “Gentle Leader” type head collars restrict neck and head movement and can potentially damage the eyes, nose, jaw, and spine.

    Watch THIS video on YouTube to learn more. ⬅ One of the best parts about this video is that the dog’s body language immediately improves when the trainer removes the harness from her! The harness was causing suppression of her emotion and behavior; a common problem that people don’t notice or care to admit.

    Prong collars do not harm dogs, suppress, or restrict them. The amount of pressure needed to communicate with one can be applied with a single finger. With proper training, the dog learns to remove this pressure by turning back to you for a reward.

    The prong collar offers a simple, painless, on-off sensation that solves a LOT of problems for millions of people struggling with their dogs.

    Look, these are GIANT breed dogs. Even the most well trained animal is stronger than most humans. Lunging, pulling, and reactivity are dangerous behaviors in Great Danes, and it’s not fair to lock them up for life because we cannot trust them to be polite, calm, and gentle on a leash.

    Click HERE to read my story about why my well-trained Great Dane sometimes wears a prong collar when in public.

    11 3

    My Dogs Eat Purina & Royal Canin

    As I mentioned above, I revoked my card to the anti-Purina club. I used to be a rabid hater of all things Purina. As far as I was concerned, Royal Canin was trash, and Hill’s Science Diet? Don’t get me started.

    So how did I go from that negative mentality about the ‘Big 5 Foods’ to telling people who feed kibble that those brands are actually among only a small handful of acceptable choices?

    Story time!

    I spent years flip-flopping between food brands to find “something that worked“. I received advice from pet store employees, dog owners, blogs, and social media. Who doesn’t want to feed their dog a more holistic, natural food?

    All three of my dogs were struggling in some way or another. Chronic loose stools, swollen paws, itching, heat intolerance. Then one of my dogs became very, very sick. She was lethargic, had become weak, had no muscle tone, and had developed some concerning health problems.

    My veterinarian implored me to put her on Hill’s Science Diet or Purina, a suggestion that I thought was appalling and gross. I thought, “She is literally dying, why would I put her on that food and make it worse?”

    So I took her bloodwork into Chuck & Don’s and asked a pet store employee to look it over and give me advice.

    Read that again. I asked a pet store employee, with no qualifications, to tell me how to treat my dog.

    He told me to choose a “high-quality” diet from their shelves, and “steer clear of that nasty Hill’s Science Diet trash“.

    In telling me this, he validated my own misguided beliefs, and generated sales. ?

    It made ME feel good to buy that $90 bag of ‘Holistic Super-Premium” kibble, but it did not make my dog feel good. As a matter of fact, it did nothing for her.

    Do you know what did make her feel good and ultimately saved her life? PURINA PRO PLAN.

    Within weeks of feeding Purina, she was developing muscle tone again. All of her symptoms reversed completely and her energy level skyrocketed. My other dogs were suddenly thriving, too. It was nothing like I had been told.

    Many dog food brands use sneaky tricks and marketing tactics including ‘Ingredient Splitting’ to make you think the food has a higher meat content or is healthier. Everything they say is to get you to make a purchase.

    The more ‘holistic, natural, and premium’ the kibble seems, the more likely it is that they are better at marketing than they are at making truly nutritious and balanced food.

    READ MORE at the Tufts University Petfoodolgy blog. This is the most scientific, modern source for nutrition information and is run by veterinarians with board certifications in nutrition. One of the veterinary nutritionists is even a consultant for BalanceIt, where you can create safe, balanced homemade food recipes for your dog. Everything they say is backed by actual research, and you won’t find an ad, affiliate link, or financial motivation in sight.

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    My Dogs are E-Collar Trained

    Yup. That’s me. Former “Force-Free” dog training fanatic.

    All three of my dogs are now E-Collar trained. The “force-free / R+ / Positive ” dog training community HATES E-Collars, and with good reason.

    Too many frustrated people buy cheap shock collars on Amazon and zap the crap out of their unsuspecting, poorly-trained pets. This is not humane and it’s not fair.

    E-Collars are different. They first require that the dog has a good foundation in basic positive obedience.

    Then, they use a gentle muscle stimulation that is not aversive or painful. This stimulation is often imperceptible to humans and replaces leash pressure. By replacing leash pressure, we can effectively and safely eliminate physical restraint. This is an incredible innovation for giant breed dogs who are strong and powerful!

    By eliminating physical restraint, we eliminate the frustration, safety problems, physical power struggles, and potential damage to the head, neck, and shoulders that can be caused by collars, head collars, harnesses, and long lines.

    Because I trained my dogs to respond to very low levels of muscle stimulation, they can be off-leash anywhere that it is safe and legal to do so. They don’t have to drag long lines around, I can trust them to be in my front yard, and they would never, ever dream of bolting, jumping a fence, or leaving our property. If they did, the pressure (not shocks! Pressure, like hitting the end of a long leash) from their E-Collar will remind them to turn around.

    When they turn around, the pressure is gone; they are 100% in control of their collars and the sensation that comes from them.

    Run from any dog trainer who tells you that an E-Collar is always aversive and a harness and life on a long leash are not. They do not understand how behavior science, modern E-Collar training, or how physical restraints of all kinds utilize pressure and punishment in different ways.

    Since E-Collar training my dogs, they have more freedom, more choice, and more enrichment than ever before.

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    I Let My Dogs be Dogs

    What does it mean to let a dog be a dog?

    It means letting them get dirty. Allowing them to roll in mud pits, dig holes, crawl through the grass, and explore the world around them to their heart’s content.

    Letting a dog be a dog means treating them like dogs, not people or children. Giving them boundaries and saying NO to keep them safe, so that I can tell them YES as much as possible.

    It means letting them sniff the ground on walks, or better yet, be allowed to run naturally and freely off-leash as much as possible. That off-leash privilege begins with training, lots of boundaries, and yes, an E-Collar.

    All three of my dogs have orthopedic issues related to injuries from before I got them. Two are missing legs, one has a very deformed foot. I do not coddle them. They are allowed to run, play, tumble, struggle, fall, and get up again like any other dog. I take them to training classes. We go hiking. We walk. We play.

    With Boundaries, of Course…

    Educated dog ownership means never humanizing their emotions.

    Dogs are not spiteful or jealous or ‘dominant’, they are however often insecure, pushy, or rude and desperately need our guidance and understanding, not our assumptions and judgments.

    I have a no-tolerance policy when it comes to teeth, nails, and baths. My dogs get their spa treatments on a regular basis whether they like it or not. This is one place where I don’t let them just ‘be dogs’, because if I did, I would be neglecting needs that aren’t met naturally in the typical suburban home.

    We see the veterinarian regularly. I don’t coddle them there but we do make it a good experience – so much so that even my more timid rescue girl will willingly go with the veterinarian and lay down politely for her exams. They step onto the scales because I made it clear that it was not-negotiable.

    To some extent, I believe that the ‘force-free’ and ‘fear-free’ movement is harmful. Dogs who never face stress don’t learn to cope with it either, and it’s not uncommon for frustration, reactivity and fear to increase with those methods.

    As a reformed ‘force-free’ person, I now realize just how much science is cherry picked to fit that belief system.

    Dogs are not babies. We don’t have to coddle them or remove every single stress from their lives. Being isolated and restrained in the name of avoiding all forms of stress is no life for a dog at all. That said, we don’t have to be jerks to them, either! Force and harsh physical handling are not cool. Find some middle ground.

    Because I have high expectations of them, they are happier, calmer, friendlier, and stronger as a result!

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    Bonus: I Keep My Dogs LEAN

    If I had a dollar for every person who asked me if my dogs were starving, I’d be rich. They are not starving. They are covered in muscle and have tons of energy. Starving dogs can’t say the same.

    We are SO used to seeing overweight dogs, that a healthy-weight dog covered in muscle can appear alarmingly thin. Our perception has been skewed.

    Truth time: overweight dogs have shorter lifespans (2 years, on average). They are more likely to suffer from arthritis, joint problems, cancer, heart problems, and complications related to anesthesia, among other things.

    Danes are a lean breed. They take forever to mature, too. This photo is of my intact male at around age 2. He still has some filling out to do here, but not in terms of fat! His head, chest, and hips continued to broaden from this point on.

    If you want to reduce cancer risk, keep your dog lean! That’s step one.

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    I really could add a 7th item to this list about spaying and neutering, but I’ll stop here and save it for another day 🙂

    What controversial ways do you raise your dogs?